86 THE SERI 1NDTAN8 [eth.ann.i? 



diiriug the rainy seasou, which only lasts about a month or six weeks", 

 nor "any vestige of Indians to be seen except a solitary hut erected by 

 the Tibiiroiis to serve them when they go there to fish"; and, noting the 

 report that Padre Kino had visited this point, he quite appositely ques- 

 tioned the truth of the tradition, partly on the ground of the absence 

 of fresh water, partly because "the Tepoca Indian establishment "men- 

 tioned in the tradition '-is many leagues farther to the northward." 

 Awakened by an approaching storm, he was under way next morning 

 at daylight, and, getting out of the "bad holding ground", was caught 

 by a gale and carried back to his "old anchorage in Freshwater Bay", 

 where he found the Indians rejoicing over the success of a ceremonial 

 incantation to which they ascribed his return. The reconnaissance map 

 is ill-drawn, locating " Fresh Water B." on the mainland side and appar- 

 ently combining "Sargent's Point" and "Arnold's Island" as "Sar- 

 geuts I." ; " San Miguel Pt." is properly located, and idealized route lines 

 traverse the "Canal peiigroso de San Miguel" (El lufiernillo), which is 

 of greatly exaggerated width. The careful itinerary shows, however, 

 that Hardy scarcely entered this strait, and made but three or four 

 anchorages in the vicinity — i. e., iu Bahia Agua Dulce, in Bahia Bruja, 

 probably in Cockle harbor (or " Cochla Inlet"), and finally oft' Isla Patos. 

 Hardy's notes on the Indians are firsthand, and hence of exceptional 

 value. He says : 



The Indiaiiis on the island of Tibui-on are very stout, t.ill, and well-built fellows, 

 exceedingly like the Tweleliii tribe of Indians iu Patagonia, and with a language 

 so like theirs that I imagined I was transported back into those wild regions. They 

 by no means look so ferocious as they are represented, and there is something 

 peculiarly mild in the covmteuances of the females. Their dress is a sort of blanket, 

 extending from the hips to the knees. But most of the old women have this part of 

 the body covered with the skins of the eagle, having the feathers turned towards the 

 flesh. The upper part of the body is entirely exposed, and their hair is dressed on 

 the top of the head in a knot which greatly sets off the effect of their painted faces. 

 The men use bows and stone-pointed arrows; but whether they are poisoned I do 

 not know. They use likewise a sort of wooden mallet called Macaua, for close quar- 

 ters in war. They have a curious weapon which they employ for catching fish. It 

 is a spear with a double point, forming an angle of about ."5 degrees. The insides of 

 these two points, which are 6 inches long, are jagged; so that when the body of a 

 tish is forced between them it cannot get away on account of the teeth.' 



He saw "about fifteen or twenty canoes made of three long bamboo 

 bundles fastened together", and observed that, when engaged in turtle 

 fishing, the Indian "paddles him.self from the shore on one of these by 

 means of a long elastic pole of about 12 or 14 feet in length, the wood 

 of which is the root of a thorn called mesqaite, growing near the coast", 

 this pole .serving also as a harpoon shaft, provided with a harpoon head 

 and cord, such as those still in use. Eespecting the invocatory appur- 

 tenances, he says: 



My attention was directed by the old women to a pih- of bushes outside the hut, 

 which had a staff of about .5 feet in lerfgth sticking up through the center. From 



' Op. (it.,, p. 2,S9-290. 



