McoEEi FIKST I.INGUISTir CLASSIFICATION 103 



he defined (api)arentlyon the basis of the Tenochio vocabulary systeui- 

 ized aud published by Pimentel) as a distiiK-t linguistic family with 

 two dialectic branches,' viz: 



IX FAMILIJ. — V^'K/. 



XXXIII. .svVi, por los siSris, cc^ris, liVmroues, tepocas, saliueros, en Sonora. 



61. I. T'jHinguaima, por los npanguaimas, en Sonora. 



62. II. Ciiiaima, jtor los gnaimas, gnaynias, gayamas, cocomaqui'S, en Sonora. 



Orozco's map assigns to the Seri family an immense area (recalling 

 Villa-Seiior's "despoblado") e.xtendiugfi'om just above the mouth of the 

 Yaqui, northward to the thirtieth i)arallel on thw coast, stretching 

 inland nearly to Cucurpe, Oportepe, and Ures, and including Tiburon ; 

 the "Saliueros'' Ij'ing adjacent to the coast in the north, the "Tepocas" 

 medially, and the "Guaymas" in the south, within this area. lu eluci- 

 dating the map he wrote, under the title "El seri. — El upanguaima. — 

 El guaima'' : 



Tlie Seris, a tribe inhabiting Sonora, forms, with its subtribes, a separate family. 

 By their language, by their enstoms, and by their physiognomy, they are completely 

 set apart from afSliatiou with the surrounding nations; and apparently they have 

 lived in the district which t'.iey now occupy from times anterior to the establish- 

 ment of the Pima race and its affines; their nse of poisoned arrows recalls the 

 Caribs of the islands, as well as of the continent, and it seems not unlikely, 

 although very curious, that they are related to them. The Si^ris, known also as Tib- 

 nriines, a. name derived from the island of Tibnrou in the Mar de Cortes, which serves 

 them as a shelter, considered as parts of their tribe the Tepocas and the Saliueros. 



The "Upanguaima" (a very small tribe occupying the Seri border) 

 aud the "Guainias", as well as the " Cocomagues '' were combined 

 chiefly on the authority of Jesuit writers.- In describing the State ot 

 Sonora he further wrote : 



The Seris, bounded by the sea on the west, the Punas Altos on the north, the 

 Opatas and the Pinias Bajos on the east, and the pueblos of Rio Yaqui ou the south, 

 form the smallest nation of Sonora, but at the same time the most cruel and deceit- 

 ful and the least capable of reduction to political organization. Hardly uniting 

 with the smaller pueblos as at Populo and Belen, the rest of the nation engaged so 

 coustautly in cruel warfare that it was necessary to persecute and exterminate 

 them. . . . .Small as was the tribe, three divisions are known: the Saliueros, 

 extending to the confines of Pimeria Alta; south of them the Tepocas, nearest to the 

 island of Tiburon; the (iuayuias and Upanguaymas occupying the territory adjacent 

 to the harbor of the sattie name, afterward added to the pueblo at Belen and 

 blended with the Indiana of Rio Yaqui. Ferocious and savage, they preferred to 

 die in war against the whites rather than adopt their usages and customs; lazy aud 

 indolent, they so surrendered themselves to the passion of intoxication that mothers 

 conveyed aguardiente from their mouths to the smallest babes. They are tall aud 

 well formed, the women not lacking in beauty. The poison with which they 

 envenom their arrows is proverbial for deadly effect ; they compound the venomous 

 juice from a multitude of ingredients and fortify the compound by superstitious 

 practices." 



' deejirafia de las Lenguaa y Carta Etnogrli6ca de M6xieo, Precedidas de un Ensayo de Clasifica- 

 cioii de las Miamas Lenguaf* y de Apuntes jiara las Inmigraciones de las Tribua, por el Lie. Maoue 

 Orozco y Berra; Mexico, 1864, p. 59. 



Ubid., p.42. "Ibid., pp. 353-354. 



