MCOKE] 



COMPARATIVE LEXICOLOGY 



313* 



1. waka-spe 



23. hooak-eleepai 



8. maik-kewikenaieh 

 14. iiio-khoak 



20. paajkfk 

 13. pahkae 

 17. pahkai 



5. pa^ky&k 



21. pakal 



24. pakai 



3. pakha 

 16. parkai 



4. jiatchkieque 

 12. pathcavfi 



I. cliaquera-vampai 

 7. bee-eeka 

 0. vika 



6. viiga 



It is evideut that the forms of the Seriau digit "seven" are variants from a lom- 

 mon source, and it is equally apparent that the numeral "two" is the basis for the 

 term. The several examples of this numeral are y/ut'Amm, Icahom, kax'lcum, kookx', in 

 which the final -urn or -om appears to be a suffix ; in the term for "twenty " Professor 

 McGee writes i)nti;k('i'k, in which the final -kfi'k is the term denoting "two", and in 

 which the final -urn or -om is wanting, which probably indicates that it is a Ilex- 

 ion. Now, it is seen that this numeral "seven" terminates in the syllable -wrul, 

 -lie, and -»i, in direct contrast with the termination of the digit "two". The mate- 

 rial at hand is too limited to determine whether this tinal syllable should be -wni'i, 

 -we, -III, or -kwilil, -kue, -kiii. It apparently signifies "added, over, plus", or some 

 equivalent term. To attain economy of utterance the term denoting "five" was 

 omitted from the original statement, "two added to five", as the expression of the 

 number seven, and so " two added" became the name of the number "seven". An 

 initial ium, turn, iiiti, or ciiiii\ occurs in the names for 7, 17, 70, and 700. An evident 

 derivative from the name for " hand", it denotes " five". It is a cognate of I'nit in 

 kaokhunt, "nine", literally "four-five", and also with ianclil in Mr Bartlett's num- 

 bers 12-19; the co.rrect form for "seven", it would seem, should have been taii'l 

 kaxkiie, etc, "five-two-added-on"; its initial ( is identical with the t in t-aiil (i-anl 1), 

 "ten". The difl'erence in the endings of this prefix — the dift'erence between an m 

 and an « — may easily be explained. In the several vocabularies it is seen that one 

 collector fancied he heard an wt sound, while another, equally careful, heard au n 

 sound. The fact appears to be that it is an obscure nasal sound, which may readily 

 be taken either for an m sound or an n sound by the heteroglot. In Bartlett's list of 

 numerals ian-taso-que signifies "eleven", wherein ttisu- is the numeral "one", as 

 given by both M Pinart and 8r Teuochio, Inn- the prefix under discussion, and -(/iiethe 

 suffix mentioned above, which was regarded as signifying " added, more, plus". 



The first eight terms of the Yumau list are clearly modified forms of a single orig- 

 inal combination, which is apjiareutly still retained nearly unchanged in the Yava- 

 pai (18) of Corbusier, livivake-spe'. The signification and function of the final -sj)^ 

 have been discussed in the remarks on the probable derivations and meanings of the 

 Yuman names for "six". The given conceptual element is evidently the term lieivake-, 

 "two". And -ap^, as has been ascertained, signifying "added, more, plus", etc, 

 the expression literally nie.ms "two added", i. e., to five, which is here understood, 

 but unnecessary, since "two added" has acquired the meaning "seven", originally 

 expressed by the entire proposition. The Kiliwee (23) term hooak-elecpai, "seven", 

 has literally the same meaning as the terms last under discussion. It will be seen 

 that the conceptual element is the term hooak, "two", which is only another form 



