IT'J CALKNDAR HISTORY 01' THK KIOWA (ktm. ann 17 



in tlio iquHM' Kod river voiiiitry, as were the lieiits, also of French 

 origin, on the upjier Arkansas. Under the name of Soto, Chouteau is 

 still hold in an'octionate rcniouibrance by the Kiowa. 



Ohoutean's fort on the Oanadian was considered to be in Comanche 

 territory. Shortly after the treaty with the Kiowa in 1S.'57, he estab- 

 lished what they regard as the lirst trading post within their own 

 country, on the west bank of Cache creek, about 3 miles below the 

 present Fort Sill, Okhihonia. Tomrlc (Thomas ?) is the name by which 

 the Kiowa remember the trader in charge, who, however, did not 

 remain long. Another store was established nearly ou the same ground 

 by 'William ^ladison (Si'iiiio-znhxUn; '• Terrible-beard") in lS(iO, after 

 the tribes had been assigned to a reservation. In 1844. William Hent 

 ■began building trading posts ou the South Canadian, in the Texas 

 lianhandle, near the princijial Kiowa trails. They also traded exten- 

 sively at varii)ns lunnts on the Arkansas until their tinal removal to 

 Indian Territory. 



I'lKST VISIT TO FOKT lilBSON 



With the treaty of ISoT and the building of the first trading post in 

 their country, the modern history of the Kiowa may be said to have 

 fairly begun. Their lirst introduction to American civilization was in 

 1834, when Dohasiin and the other chiefs accompanied the troops back 

 to Fort Gibson, and again in 1S37 when they went to the same place 

 for the purpose of making tlio treaty. Soon afterward arrangements 

 were made by Colonel Chouteau to have a delegation of Kiowa, 

 Comanche, and their associated tribes visit Washington and other 

 eastern cities. A party of chiefs visited Fort Gibson for this purpose 

 in the summer of 18;>!>, but Colonel Chouteau having died during the 

 previous winter, and the season being then far advanced, it was deemed 

 best to abandon the trip, and accordingly they were given some pres- 

 ents and returned to their homes (L'lport, 1). 



SMALLPOX KinUEMIC OF 1839-40 — PEACE WITH THE CHEYENNE AND 



AKAPAIK) 



In the winter of lS;W-40the Kiowa again sulVeied from the smallpox, 

 which had broken out in the north in the summer of 1837, nearly exter- 

 minating the JIaudan, and then swept the whole plains to the gulf. In 

 1840 they made peace with the Arapaho and Cheyenne, with whom they 

 have ever since been on terms of intimate friendship (see the calen- 

 dar). They had already made peace with the Dakota, so that they 

 were now on good terms with all the tribes of the plains excepting the 

 Pawnee and Tonkawa. who seem always to have been outlawed tribes, 

 without friends or allies. 



TEXAI^ SANTA f6 EXPEDITION 



In 1841 the Texan Santa Fc expedition passed through the country of 

 the Kiowa. Kendall, the historian of that ill fated undertaking, describes 

 the tribe as occupying the prairies near the headwaters of Colorado, 



