188 CALENDAR HISTORY OF THE KIOWA 1f.th.axn. 17 



surrendered at Fort Cobb witliiu the time specified, iiboiit the end 

 of December, lS(t8. The two chiefs were thereupon set at liberty. Most 

 of the Oomanche aud Apache had already come in immediately after 

 the Washita tight. The Cheyenne aud Arapaho tied to the head of 

 Red river, where they were followed by Cnster, and were brought in 

 later to their own reservatiou {Custer, 1; Record, 7). As an effective 

 means of holding these tribes in check for the future, Fort iSill was 

 established in tiie spring of 1869, nearly in the center of the reservation, 

 with the agency for the Kiowa, Comanche, and Apache adjoining. 



FUKTHEK INSOLENCE OF TllK KIOWA — RAIDS INTO TEXAS 



Although they had been compelled to settle on a reservation, the 

 Kiowa continued their raids into Texas, destroying property, killing 

 white jieople. and carryiug away captives. On one occasion they even 

 attacked the agency at Fort Sill, killed and wounded several men, 

 stampeded the agency cattle and the iiuarterniaster"s mules, aud defi- 

 antly challenged the soldiers to come out aud fight. Civil and military 

 oflicials alike agree that there was not the slightest excuse for these out- 

 rages, to which they were encouraged by the Kwahadi Comanche, who 

 had never yet come iu from the Staked plain aud who never ceased to 

 ridicule tho.se Indians who had submitted. To put an end to this state 

 of affairs, the Conmiissioncr in 1870 recommended the establishment of 

 a line of posts along the southern boundary of the reservation, aud 

 that the Kiowa and Comanche should all be placed under military con- 

 trol until tliey had learned to behave properly (Report, :JT). 



Affairs went on from bad to worse. In 1871 a large raiding party 

 killed seven men in Texas, torturing one over a tire, aud capturing a 

 number of mules. The leaders had the hardihood to boast of their 

 deed in the presence of the agent aud General Shermau, who promptly 

 arrested the three most prominent, Setfaintc, Setiingya, and A'do-e^tte 

 or "Big-tree.*' Setiiugya (Satauk) resisted and was killed. The other 

 two were sent to Texas for trial and punishment (see the calendar). 



In 1872 another Commissioner declared that the point had been 

 reached where forbearance had ceased to be a virtue, aud again recom- 

 mended that the three tribes be turned over to the military for pun- 

 ishment, lie states that a wholesome example is absolutely necessary 

 to commaud obedience, asserting that " so loug as four- fifths of these 

 tribes take turus at raiding into Texas, ojienly aud boastfully bringing 

 back scali)s and spoils to their reservation, efforts to inspire very iiigh 

 ideas of social and industrial life among the comuiunities of which the 

 raiders form so lai'ge a part will presumably result iu failure." At the 

 same time their agent reports that, although they had come regularly 

 for their rations during the preceding winter and spring, giviug 

 repeated assurance of amity and peace, yet so soon as their horses 

 were iu condition in summer the Kiowa had gone on the warpath, tak- 

 ing with them a large number of the Comanche aud Ai»ache, and 



