198 CALENDAR HISTORY OF THE KIOWA [eth.avn.17 



of wliicli body bis acts show him to have been a consistent member, 

 who held charge for five years, from April, 1873, to Ai)ril, 1S7S, includ- 

 ing the troublous jteriod of the outbreak and subsequent readjust- 

 ment. In sj)ite of the many dilticulties at the time, he soon gained 

 the contidence of these wild and warlike ])eoide, and conceived and 

 successfully inaugurated the first substantial work of civilization 

 among them in the way of schools, farming and stock raising, and 

 the building up of ft-iendly relations with the whites. He is held in 

 grateful memory among the Kiowa, who know him as Senpo i/iuidal, 

 "Eedbeard." An extract from his first report shows the spirit in 

 which he met tliem and their (juick response: 



When I took charge. I tohl the Indiaus iu coniicil that I had come among them as 

 their frienil and desired ns to live together as friends. As a proof of my conlideuce 

 in them, I Iiad the soldiers whom I found on duty removetV and relied n]ion them to 

 conduit themselves in a peacealile and friendly manner ; told them with their help 

 we could maki» this a peaceahle country to live in. I desired them to refrain from 

 raiding ir stealing. The chiefs promised me assistance; said if their young men 

 would not listen, hut ran off and stole horses, they would bring in to me all they 

 brought back, audi could restore them to their owners. A short time ago I reminded 

 the C'omanches of their ])romise — told them I had heard some of their young men 

 had hecn in Texas and brought hack a number of horses. Within two weeks from 

 the time I spoke to them fifty-two head of horses and mules were delivered to me as 

 having been stolen from Texas since I came in charge as agent. I did nut nuike any 

 threats of stopyjing rations, or anything of the kind; simply reminded them of 

 their promises and api)ealed to their better natures, with the very satisfactory result 

 referred to {Report, -l-T). 



FIRST SCHOOL ESTABLISHED BY BATTEY 



Early in 1873 also, another (Quaker, Thomas C. Battey, attempted the 

 first school work among the Kiowa, as already noted. Although a con- 

 scientious worker, the force of their wandering habits and Indian baliefs 

 was still too strong, and the ettbrt in its direct purpose was a failure. 

 He reuiained with them some months, however, and the good iin])ressiou 

 he made had much to do with keei)ing the larger portion of the tribe 

 from the warpath in the subsequent outbreak. He thus sums up his 

 School experiment: 



Having erected a tent and fitted it up, I commenced a school with twenty -two 

 children in attendance, which continued for something over a week, during which 

 time the children manifested their aptitude to learn by the progress they m:ule. The 

 elder people also manifested much interest in it by their fre(|Ufcnt visits, their atten- 

 tion to the exercises, and their encouraging words to the children. About this time, 

 much sickness prevailing among the children in the camp, some superstitious Cad- 

 does who happened there attrilmted the sickness among them to me, telling them I 

 was a bad medicine man and had made some of their children sick when I was with 

 them, two of whom died. This had the effect to entirely break up the school, though 

 I continued my cH'orts to renew it for nearly two months. Sometimes when I would 

 get a few children collected, they would be driven out by their old men. Sometimes 

 young men would come in, laugh at them, and abuse them until they would leave. 

 After about two months they became more unsettled, moving from place to place 

 almost continually, searching for better grass for their stock, better water, more 

 wood, to get buffalo, etc. As we were seldom but a day or two in a place, I gave uj) 

 all effort to sustain a school (Baltey, 11). 



