252 CALENDAR HISTORY OF THE KIOWA [eth..inn. 17 



occasion by Pacer the principal chief, Daho, and Gray-eagle. In liis 

 official report Captain Alvord, chairman of the commission which had 

 charge of the delegation, says of the Apache : 



Th<' Apache who are in the ludiau Territory number ahout fivehnuilred, are recog- 

 nized by the supplemental treaty of 1><G7 aa confederated with the Kiowa and 

 Comanche, and have generally been controlled by and acted with the Kiowa. More 

 or less of them have constantly participated in the marauding of the others, but as a 

 tribe or band it is believed that they are better disposed than their associates, and 

 that the professions of friendship which are made by their three principal chiefs, 

 now in Washington, are in good faith, and may be received accordingly. I think 

 that if they can be removed fiom the evil influences of tbe Kiowa and Comanche, 

 they will do well (Report, 69). 



PROGRESS TOWARD CIVILIZATION — DEATH OF PACP)R, 1875 



On the return of the delegation the Apache in good faith commenced 

 to learn the ways of civilization and to earn their own living. Their 

 agent reports : 



The Apache were very attentive, working themselves with the hoe. Apache John, 

 a chief, is especially deserving of mention. He worked bard, had all the weeds hoed 

 out, and in addition to his corn has a tine crop of watermelons, some of which he 

 brought me as a present. It was a very nice sight to see one who a few months ago 

 was regarded as a wild and dangerous man drive up in his wagon (I had given him 

 one) and unload from it a number of fine melons of his own cultivation and raising 

 (Eeport, 70). 



The next year, 1874, started out with even more encouraging pros- 

 pects. The Apache chiefs worked in their own fields as an example to 

 their people, and at the request of Pacer a school was established 

 among them by A. J. Standing, who, like Battey and Haworth, was a 

 Quaker. All went well until summer, when the Cheyenne, Comanche, 

 and a part of the Kiowa took up arms in defense of their hunting 

 grounds, as already narrated, more or less involving the other tribes, 

 and putting a complete stop to the work of civilization. By direction 

 of the agent the Apache, at the beginning of the trouble, repaired to 

 the friendly camp at Fort Sill, where during all the disturbance they 

 maintained their loyalty and kept the peace, and afterward used their 

 good offices to bring about the surrender of the hostiles, as they had. 

 done previously in 1869 {Report, 71). 



Pacer, head chief of the Apache, died in the summer of 1875. He 

 was a man of considerable ability and is frequently mentioned in the 

 official reports of the period, as well as by Battey. He had been the 

 consistent advocate of friendly relations with the whites, and on his 

 death was given a civilized burial, at the request of his people, as had 

 been done in the case of Kicking-bird, the Kiowa chief, who died shortly 

 before (Report, 72). 



RECENT HISTORY AND PRESENT CONDITION 



The Apache participate with the Kiowa and Comanche in the benefits 

 of the leases of grass lands. They suffered terribly in the epidemic of 



