FIGHT BETWEEN KIOWA AND TEXAN8 



277 



winters 1849-50 aiul 1852-53, and summer 1851). Tlie breastwork is 

 omitted, perhaps through oversiglit. As there was no sun dance this 

 summer, the medicine lodge is not represented. It will bo noted that 

 the "white blufl" is drawn only in outline, i. e. white, while the figure 

 of the " red bluff" (summer 1840) is filled in with red. 



WINTER 1841-42 



I'daJhahii'-l/m Ehotahde Sai " Winterthiit A'dalhabii'k'ia was killed." 

 A'dal-haha' or lull-haha'. " sloping, or one-sided hair," is the name applied 

 to a style of wearing the hair shaved close over the right side of the 

 head, so as to display the ear pendants, and at full length on the left. 

 The hair is not braided, but is sometimes tied, and the scalplock is worn 

 as usual. The man killed, who was a noted war 

 chief, wore his hair in this fashion, hence his name. 

 The picture is intended to represent the style of 

 hair dress, with the mark of a wound on the body 

 to show where he was shot. The bird on top of 

 his head is intended to represent an ornament of 

 red woodi)ecker feathers, which he wore on the 

 left side of his head. Another Kiowa chief pres- 

 ent on this occasion was K'adogyii'to, " Old-man- 

 ot'-the-sun-dance," so called because consecrated 

 to the faime, the sacred image of the sun dance. 



The fight occurred in the fall of 1841 on a small 

 stream called by the Kiowa T6n-z6 gcklal P^a, 

 " Swift-water river," or Pcibo F^a, " American- 

 horse river," south of Ked river, near the Staked 

 plain, and apparently a head branch of Pease 

 river in northwestern Texas. The whole Kiowa 

 tribe was camped on the stream when a party of 

 Texan soldiers advanced against them. Five 

 scouts who were in advance of the soldiers were 

 killed by the Kiowa and their horses captured, but 

 with the loss of A'dalhabii'k'ia. Abandoning their camp, the Kiowa 

 lied, but returning a few days later, they found the soldiers still there 

 and succeeded in killing another. On account of the number of large 

 American horses captured by the Kiowa in this encounter the stream 

 was afterward called by them "American-horse river." 



The party encountered by the Kiowa on this occasion was the Texan 

 Santa Fe expedition, and the fight occurred on August 30, 1841. The 

 whole story as given by Kendall corresponds remarkably with the 

 Indian account, which was obtained without any knowledge of the 

 printed statement on the part of either the author or his informants, 

 having been handed down orally for over half a century. The affair 

 occurred, as already stated, on the edge of the Staked plain while the 

 party was searching for Ked river and near a stream which Kendall 

 calls the Quintufue. Several days previously the expedition had met 



Fio. 85— WiDter 1841-12- 

 A'dalhaba'k'ia killed. 



