300 



CALENDAR HISTORY OF THE KIOWA 



[ETH. ANN. 17 



According to one statement, the Kiowa warriors had gone against the 

 Osage on Arkansas river and found their camp with a number of horses 

 hobbled near by. Tliey waited until night and 

 then made an attempt to steal the horses, but 

 were ambuscaded by the Osage and this man was 

 killed. Another informant states that the Indians 

 concerned were not the Osage (Jl apii'to, "Shaved- 

 heads,") but the A'lHho (Kwapa? Omaha ?), de- 

 scribed as a tribe living to the northward of 

 the Osage and similar to them in language and 

 costume. As the Kiowa generally state that they 

 have been friends with the Osage since the peace 

 of 1834, and n'ore particularly as they had been 

 allies against the Sauk only a few months before 

 this occurrence, the latter story is probably 

 correct. 



SUMMER 1855 



Fig. 117— Slimmer 



ting summer. 



Tonguayo Paid/i, " Summer of sitting 

 extended." For some reason the word for 

 the plural form. The figure is sufficiently 

 suggestive. There was no sun dance this 

 summer. The weather was extremely hot 

 and the grass dried up, in consequence of 

 which the horses became so weak that 

 when traveling the Kiowa were frequently 

 obliged to halt and sit down to allow the 

 animals to rest. 



WINTER 1S55-5C 



A'daltou-^dal, "Big-head," the brother 

 of Gyai koaonte, who had been killed by 

 the A'lUlw (? see ante) in the preceding 

 winter, after having cried all summer, 

 went this winter for revenge, met an 

 A'Viho (or an Osage !) hunting buffalo, and 

 killed him. 



The figure with a bow above the winter 

 mark represents A'daltofi-cdal, indicated 

 by the head above the head of the figure, 

 while in front of him is the Osage ( ?), 

 with the arrow in his breast and the blood 

 pouring from his mouth. The headdress 

 is like that hitherto used to indicate a 

 Pawnee, both tribes wearing the head 



with legs 

 summer is 



crossed and 

 here used in 



Fig. 118— Winter 1855-56 — Bis-head 

 liills an A'lalK). 



shaved, leaving a crest. 



During this winter also a war party went into Chihualiua and 



