A TO-TAIX KILLED 



343 



eaclj [Report, 96). In 1886 tliere were Dine Kiowa families living in 

 houses [Report, !>7), but a few years later most of these dwellings were 

 vacant or occupied by white renters, the Indian owners being again 

 in the tipis. 



SUMMER 1S7S 



Adaldii Kudo, "Repeated sun dance." This is the second rectirded 

 instance of this kind, the first having occurred in 1842. On the Set- 

 t'an calendar it is indicated by the figure of 

 two adjoining medicine lodges, and in the Anko 

 calendar by a double-forked medicine pole. The 

 two dances were held on the Nortli fork of Hed 

 river. Part of the Kiowa had gone to the plains 

 on the western part of the reservation to hunt 

 buffalo, while the others remained at home. Each 

 party, unknown to the other, promised to make 

 a sun dance, in consequence of which one dance riG.i64— summer i878— Ee- 



. I'll peateil suu dance. 



was held at the regular period, after which the 



leaves were renewed and another dance was held for another four days. 

 On this occasion also the buffalo hunters, who made one sun dance, 

 were escorted by a detachment of troops as a protection and as a pre- 

 caution against their committing depredations [Report, 98). 



WIXTER 1878-79 



The event noted for this winter on both calendars is the killing of 

 A' to-fain, " White-cowbird," the man to whom Set-t'ainte 

 had given his medicine lance five j^ears before, thus re- 

 signing his chieftanship to him (see summer 1874). On 

 the Set-t'an calendar it is indicated by a human figure 

 painted red and with the red headdress, both character- 

 istic of Set-t'aiiite, above the winter mark, and with the 

 medicine lance or zebat in front. On the Anko calendar it 

 is indicated by the figure of the arrow-lance below the win- 

 ter mark. By a curious coincidence Set-t'ainte himself 

 committed suicide in a Texas prison about the same time. 

 A to-t'ain was the brother of the chief Sun-boy, and on 



I account of his relatioushiji and tlie dignity conferred upon 

 him by Set-t'ainte, if not for his personal merits, was a 

 prominent man in the tribe. On account of having this 

 lance he was also known as Zeba-do-k ia, " Man-who-has- 

 the-arrows,"' i. e., ''Arrowman." He was killed by Texans 

 while with a party who had gone, by permission of the 

 agent and accompanied by an escort of troops, to hunt 

 buffalo on upper Red river in what is now Greer county, 

 Oklahoma; the Texans shot him through the body and both arms, 

 scalped him, and cut off a finger upon which was a ring. The hunt 

 occurred in the winter season, but the buffalo were now so nearly exter- 



FlG. 165— Winter 

 1878-79 — A'to- 

 t'aifi killed. 



