362 CAI.ENDAR HISTORY OF THE KIOWA [etii.ann. 17 



tbe figure of a tipi (i. e., camp), connected with which is a line with 

 several cross marks, intended as a pictorial presentment of the tribal 

 sign for "Cheyenne," made by drawing the right index finger several 

 times across the left. 



WINTER 1891-93 



The Anko calendar records here the killing of P'odalii'nte, as just 

 described for the preceding summer, the discrepancy aris- 

 ing perhaps from the fact that it occurred after the unddle 

 of summer. It is indicated below the winter mark by 

 means of the figure of a man, with a bullet wound in his 

 side, lying in a coffin or grave, and with a snake above 

 the winter mark to show his name. 



The Set-t'au calendar records the eidistment of the Indian 

 troop at Fort Sill in the spring and summer of 18U1. It 

 was composed chiefly of Kiowa, and was organized as troop 

 L of the Seventh cavalry, under command of Lieutenant 

 ^?.T.r;T.r (now Captain) H. L. Scott. It is indicated by the figure 

 Soldiers en- of a soldier abovc the winter mark. 



liste(l;P'6(ia 



lii'Dte killed. SUMMER 1892 



The event of this summer was the measles epidemic. The Set-t'an 

 calendar indicates it by means of a human figure covered with red 

 sjiots, and beside it the leafy tree and square inclosure to show that it 

 occurred in the summer, when there was no dance and everybody 

 remained at liome. The Anko calendar has a similar red-spotted figure. 



The epidemic broke out early in spring and continued through the 

 summer; it began in the Kiowa school, and its terribly fatal conse- 

 quences were due largely to the course pursued by the superintendent, 

 who insisted on sending the sick children back to the 

 camp, where it was impossible for them to receive 

 necessary attention, instead of caring for them in the 

 school. The result was that the infection spread 

 throughout the Kiowa and Apache tribes, and as the 

 Indians, in their ignorance, endeavored to wash out 

 the blotches by drenching the children in cold water, 

 nearly every case was fatal. Watching and anxiety 

 brought fevers and other sickness to the parents, so fio. 192- summer 1892 



that there was not a family in the two tribes that did —Measles; Grass pay- 

 ment. 

 not suffer the loss of a near relative. The feeling 



already existing among the Kiowa against the superintendent, on 



account of the death of the schoolboys the year before, was now so 



intensified that he was obliged to leave the country. 



When the author returned to the Kiowa in the early summer of that 



year, the epidemic had nearly spent its force, although deaths were still 



occurring every day or two. The conditi(m of the Indians was pitiable 



in the extreme; nearly every woman in the tribe had her hair cut ott' 



