236 REPORT OF COMMISSIONER OF FISH AND FISHERIES. 
shrimp or prawns were larger, Sebastolobus took the place of Sebas- 
todes, and the various shoal-water flounders were replaced by those of 
deeper habitat. 
Commencing at the head of Bristol Bay, off the Naknek River, in 
depth of 3 to 8 fathoms, sand, a variety of fish were taken, such as 
sea trout (Hexagrammus), flounders, young salmon, rock-cod, sculpins 
and a few specimens of Liparis, with scattering specimens of shrimp, 
shells, starfish and other invertebrates. 
Off the entrance to the Nushagak River, in depths of 5 to 12 fathoms, 
sandy bottom, with occasional patches of gravel or pebbles, halfa dozen 
species of starfish were found in great numbers; sea-urchins were taken 
by the bushel; and shrimps, crabs, sponges, annelids, mollusca, sea- 
anemones, hydroids, and bryozoa were abundant. The fishes were 
represented by Hexragrammus, Muranoides, pollock, several species of 
sculpins and flounders, besides a variety of small obscure species. 
Seattering specimens of codfish were taken with the hand lines, but 
they were more plentiful off Cape Constantine in from 12 to 18 fathoms, 
sand or gravel bottom. Our route from the Nushagak to the Kusko- 
kwim was inside of the Walrus Group and through Hagemeister Chan- 
nel. Fine sand bottom was found from Cape Constantine to Round 
Island, muddy bottom thence to the vicinity of Hagemeister Island, 
and sandy thence to Cape Newenham. Investigations were confined to 
20 fathoms or less, yielding an occasional codfish or young halibut, 
pollock, five or six species of flounders; Arctic tomcod and sculpins 
were quite plentiful. Alligator-fish, capelin, and a variety of Agonide, 
besides several other species of small size, were found, many of them 
undescribed. Shrimp and prawns were large and conspicuous in the 
hauls; many of them are doubtless undescribed. The bulk of most of 
the hauls was composed of starfish. There was a greater variety 
among the ascidians found at the different stations than among other 
invertebrates. Shells, sand-dollars, ophiurans, hermit-crabs, and astro- 
phytons of about the same species were generally distributed over the 
region, while hydroids and bryozoa occasionally appeared. 
From Cape Newenham toward the northwest cape of Unimak the 
depth increased to 25 fathoms, gravel bottom, 6 miles from land; shoaled 
to 134 fathoms, fine gray sand, at 26 miles, then gradually increased to 
26 fathoms, with the same character of bottom at about 60 miles from 
the cape. From this point mud began to appear, and soon became the 
principal ingredient of the bottom soil. 
Scattering codfish were found on the gravel bottom; were fairly 
abundant on the rise from 134 to 25 fathoms, and gradually disappeared 
as we approached muddy bottom. Several species of flounders and 
sculpins were taken; alligator-fish and other small species were com- 
mon; and clusters of large barnacles, mussels, and a few other shells 
were taken, besides the common forms of invertebrates. As the char- 
acter of the bottom changed, and mud became mixed with the sand, 
