250 REPORT OF COMMISSIONER OF FISH AND FISHERIES. 
curve to the northward between Cape Grey and the Ugaguk, and 
thence to the eastward to the Naknek River. A narrow gravel bank 
lines the coast in several places, behind which a strip of water is seen 
particularly at or near high tide. 
The Naknek River may be considered at the head of deep-water 
navigation in Bristol Bay. The Albatross found anchorage in 6 fath- 
oms about 6 miles southwest from Cape Suworof, the water shoaling 
rapidly to 3 fathoms toward the head of the bay. Vessels of moderate 
depth can pass the bar at high water, but there is hardly depth enough 
to float a ship’s boat when the tide is out. It is deeper inside, however, 
and a small vessel may find anchorage with swinging room. There is 
a fishing station on the river which is visited periodically by a small 
steam tender. The South Head is in latitude 58° 42/ 04.5’ N., and longi- 
tude 157° 02/ 45.4” W. High water, full and change, 1” 05™; rise 23 
feet, approximate. Shoal ground makes off from the west shore, con- 
fining the channel in one place to about 3 miles in width. It may 
possibly be a middle ground with a channel on the other side, but the 
conditions off Etolin Point seem to discredit it. 
The Nushagak River is assuming considerable importance as the 
location of a trading station and several large and well-equipped sal- 
mon-canning establishments. Protection Point, at the entrance to the 
river, is 50 miles SW. by W. from Naknek River, and, owing to swift 
currents and extensive shoals, it may be classed among the most intri- 
cate pieces of navigation in Bristol Bay. A 6-knot current is frequently 
encountered; hence the shifting of banks and shoals must be expected, 
and the necessity for the constant use of the hand lead becomes too 
obvious to require remark; indeed, the warning from a lead on each 
side will leave but a small margin of safety at times. The land on both 
sides of the entrance is very low and _ it is difficult to recognize Etolin 
Point, even under favorable conditions. A vessel from the westward 
would make the Walrus Group and follow the coast to Cape Constan- 
tine, and, having cleared the outlying shoals, stand in for Protection 
Point, which is difficult of recognition from a distance. 
Nichols Hills, 280 feet in height, are a cluster of rounded elevations 
5 miles northwest of the above point, and they are the first natural 
objects distinguishable on the peninsula. Bring them to bear WNW. 
and stand in, keeping them on that bearing until Protection Point bears 
about south, and anchor, making due allowance for falling tide. 
There is a pilot station on the point with a small flagstaff, on which 
a flag will be hoisted if the pilot is at home. Heis an Eskimo and 
speaks very little English, but he knows the channel. [If he is not at 
the point when the vessel arrives, he will probably be at Ekuk and 
may be expected on board within a few hours if the weather is not too 
rough for his kaiak. <A stranger should not attempt to go above Pro- 
tection Point without a pilot. Clark Point is a bluff 200 feet in height, 
18 miles N. by W. from Protection Point. The land begins to rise 
below Ekuk, reaches its greatest elevation at Clark Point, and varies 
