SPAROID FISHES OF AMERICA AND EUROPE. 433 
ANALYSIS OF AMERICAN SPECIES OF LUTJANUS. 
a. Top of head covered with scales, these extending forward at least as far as mid- 
dle of eye. 
b. Preoperele with a sharp deep noich, into which fits a knob from the interoper- 
cle; temporal crest not confluent with orbital rim, but nearly or quite 
confluent with supraoccipital crest in front (LZ. kasmira); lower limb 
of preopercle coarsely serrate; scales above lateral line in very oblique 
series. (Hvoplites Gill.) ‘ 
c. Body rather elongate, the depth 3 in length; profile to nape nearly straight; 
snout pointed, 34+in head; supraoccipital crest low; preorbital mod- 
erate, 63 in head; mouth moderate; the jaws subequal, the maxillary 
reaching front of pupil, 2% in head; both jaws with a narrow band of 
villiform teeth, outside of which are moderate canines; tongue tooth- 
less; vomer with a A-shaped band of teeth and with no backward pro- 
longation on median line. Gill-rakers short and slender, 10 developed. 
Eye large, 4in head; nostrils small, well separated, the posterior ob- 
long; preopercle strongly serrate above the notch. Seales rather 
small, (7) 9-54-17, the rows above Jateral line very oblique, nowhere 
parallel with the lateral line, 7 or 8 rows on cheeks, anterior largest, 
one row on interopercle; top of head scaled as far forward as front of 
pupil; 10 rows of scales between eye and suprascapula; soft dor- 
sal and anal scaly. Dorsal spines low and strong, the fourth spine 
longest, 3in head; soft dorsal rounded, the longest ray 44 in head; anal 
moderate, its free edge straight, the second spine longest, 2% in head; 
pectorals long, 1} inhead. Color golden brown with 5sky-blue longi- 
tudinal stripes, each broadly and sharply margined with dark blue; 
the whole band as broad anteriorly as the interspaces, growing nar- 
rower behind the dark-blue border, nearly as wide on each side as the 
median pale-blue band. A faint median blue streak from occiput to 
front of dorsal, then a band of three blue streaks as above stated, from 
occiput above eye to ninth dorsal spine; second from upper edge of 
eye to middle of soft dorsal; third from middle of eye to last ray of 
dorsal ; fourth from upper jaw along lower eye to middle of base of 
caudal peduncle, when it ends abruptly; fifth from end of maxillary 
to above last ray of anal; fins all pale, the dorsal partly edged with 
black; no black lateral spot. Head 2% in length; depth, 3; D. x; 14; 
AVGTIN, (Biusescales,. 9-54S07 Mae. wees ceveaioe sates etees VIRIDIS, 2. 
aa. Top of head naked as far back as the nape. 
d. Preopercle with a sharp, deep notch, into which fits a knob from the inter- 
opercle. (Genyoroge Cantor.) 
e. Body elongate; snout pointed, about 3 in head; eye 44; maxillary ex- 
tending to opposite middle of eye; both jaws with strong, unequal 
canines; tongue with teeth; preopercle with a deep and narrow slit 
into which the process of the interopercle fits; anterior profile of head 
nearly straight; preorbital broad; dorsal spines low, strong, the fourth 
3in head; second analspine shorter and stronger than third, soft dorsal 
and anal rounded; caudal lunate, pectoral falcate, 1? in head. Body 
bluish gray, silvery gray below; 11 to 14 faint silvery cross streaks; 
anal, caudal, tips of ventrals, and upper part of dorsal blue-black ; 
pectoral greenish, with a dark spot at its base. Head, 3; depth, 34, 
D. x,15; A.1m,8. Scales, 8-46-15. (Steindachner.).----- CANINUS, 3. 
dd. Preopercle with its vertical limb entire, or with a broad, shallow emargi:- 
nation only. 
Jf. Dorsal spines normally 10, 
H, Mis, 118——28 ; 
