SPAROID FISHES OF AMERIGA AND EUROPE. 443 
7. LUTJANUS JOCU. (Dog Snapper; Jocit.) 
Joct Parra, Deser. Dif. Piezas, Hist. Nat., 1, 1787, tab. 25, f.2 (Cuba). 
Anthias joct Bloch & Schneider, Syst. Ichthy., 310, 1801 (based on Parra). 
Mesoprion joct, Cuv. & Val., 1, 466, 1828 (Antilles, Martinique); Poey, Repertorio, 
268, 1867 (Cuba). 
Lutjanus joci, Poey, Synopsis, 292, 1868 (Cuba); Poey, Enumeratio, 26, 1873; Vail- 
lant & Bocourt, Miss. Sci. au Mex., Iv, 1881,? 129, pl. v, f. 19, synonymy 
much confused; Jordan, Proc. U. 8S. N. M. 1884, 125 (Key West); Jordan & 
Swain, |. ¢., 435; Jordan, Proc, U. 8. N. M. 1890, 319 (Bahia); Jordan, 1.c., 
1889, 648 (St. Lucia). 
Mesoprion litura Cuy. & Val., U1, 467, 1828 (Cayenne, St. Thomas); Jordan, 1.-¢., 
1886, 524 (examination of type). 
Mesoprion cynodon, Giinther, 1, 194, 1859 (San Domingo, Jamaica; not of Cuy. & Val.; . 
excl. syn.). 
Habitat: West Indies, north to Florida Keys, south to Bahia. 
Etymology: From Cuban name joct. 
This species is about equally abundant with L. caxis about Florida 
Keys and Cuba. The English-speaking fishermen call it “dog snapper,” 
the Spanish “jocy.” The fishermen usually distinguish the joc by the 
presence of a pale area below the eye, but the only certain distinction 
lies in the size of the scales. ‘These are much smaller in LZ. jocw than 
in L. caxis. Mesoprion litura Cuv. & Val. is this species, as is also 
apparently Mesoprion cynodon Giinther. Inthesynonymy of the latter 
species several distinct species are confounded, as also by Vaillant & 
Bocourt under the name Lutjanus joct. 
Specimens of L. joct from Bahia and Maranhao are in the museum 
at Cambridge. 
8. LUTJANUS CAXIS. (Schoolmaster; Caji.) 
?Perca marina pinnis branchialibus carens (Schoolmaster), Catesby, Hist. Carolina etc., 
1743, tab. 41(Bahamas; figure very poor, the pectoral fins omitted; may be 
L. joci). 
Caxis Parra, Descr. Dif. Piezas, Hist. Nat., 1787, tab. 8, f. 2 (Havana). Z 
? Perca apoda (“ Forster, Catal. of Anim., 21, Ms. 1774; printed 1844), Walbaum, Artedi, 
Piscium, 1792, 351 (based on the Schoolmaster of Catesby). 
Sparus caxis Bloch & Schneider, Ichthyol., 1801, 284 (after Parra). 
Mesoprion caxis, Poey, Repertorio, 11, 269, 1868. 
Lutjanus caxris, Poey, Synopsis, 1868, 293 (Cuba); Poey, Enumeratio, 1875, 25; Jordan, 
Proc. U. 8S. N. M. 1884, 125 (Key West), (not of several American writers) ; 
Jordan & Swain, 1. c., 485 (Key West, Havana); Jordan, 1. c., 1889, 648 (St. 
Lucia); Jordan, 1. c., 1890, 319 (Bahia). 
Bodianus striatus Bloch & Schneider, Syst. Ichth., 1801, 335, tab. Lxv (West Indies; 
misprinted albostriatus, p. 237; called B. fasciatus on plate). 
Lutjanus aculirostris Desmarest, Prem. Déec. Ichthyol., 12, tab. 3, 1823 (Cuba). 
Mesoprion cynodon, Cuv. & Val., 11, 465, 1828 (Martinique, San Domingo); Bocourt, Ann. 
Nat. Hist., Paris, 1868, 224; Jordan, Proc. U. S. N. M. 1886, 534 (examina- 
tion of type). 
Mesoprion linea Cuv. & Val., 1, 468, 1828 (Cuba, San Domingo); Jordan, I. c. 
Mesoprion flavescens Cuv. & Val., 11, 472, 1828 (Martinique); Jordan, 1. c. 
Mesoprion albostriatus Peters, Berliner Monatsberichte, 1865, 111 (on the type of Bloch 
& Schneider). 
