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SPAROID FISHES OF AMERICA AND EUROPE. 457 
ANALYSIS OF AMERICAN SPECIES OF ETELIS. 
a. Body elongate, fusiform; caudal peduncle long, slender; profile convex on snout, 
thence straightish to occiput; the nape low, not keeled; snout short, rather 
pointed, 3 in head; eye very large, 3 in head; preorbital very narrow, its least 
width 14 in head; mouth moderate, oblique, the lower jaw projecting; maxil- 
lary reaching middle of eye, 2;y in head, its surface scaly; two canines of 
upper jaw very sharp and projecting forward and downward; canines of lower 
jaw not differentiated; tongue without teeth; vomer with a narrow /-shaped 
patch of teeth; gill-rakers long and slender; opercle ending in an evident spine; 
maxillary with about 12 scales; region behind eye well scaled; top of head and 
snout naked; lower jaw with a few imbedded scales; base of soft dorsal and 
anal scaleless; dorsal spines rather high and strong, the longest spine 2 in head, 
the spines thence becoming almost regularly and gradually shorter to last spine, 
which is little longer than first spine; margin of soft dorsal straight, the rays 
3 in head, the last ray slightly elongate; anal similar to soft dorsal; its last ray 
considerably produced; anal spines slender and graduated; caudal very deeply 
forked, the upper lobe the longer, its length four times length of middle rays; 
upper lobe almost filamentous, longer than head; pectorals falciform, reaching 
almost to anal, 1} in head. Color in life, brilliant rose-red; bases of the scales 
deeper and belly abruptly paler rosy; mouth reddish within; lining of gill-cavity 
reddish; fins all rosy; spinous dorsal and caudal bright red, the other fins paler. 
Head, 3}; depth, 3}. D.x,11; A. 1,8. Scales, 5-53-12; 50 pores. OcuLatus, 27. 
\ 27. BTELIS OCULATUS. (Cachucho.) 
Serranus oculatus Cuv. & Val., 11, 1828, 266 (Martinique). 
Elastoma oculatus, Swainson, Nat. Hist. Fishes, 11, 168, 202, 1839 (generic diagnosis). 
Hesperanthias oculatus, Lowe, Fishes Madeira, 1843, 14 (generic deseription). 
Centropristis oculatus, Miiller & Troschel, in Schomb. Hist. Barbadoes, 666, 1848. 
Anthias oculatus, Giinther, I, 92, 1859 (Jamaica, Madeira). 
Etelis oculatus, Gill, Proc. Ac. Nat. Sci. Phila. 1862, 447 (Cuba); Poey, Synopsis, 292, 
1868 (Cuba); Poey, Enumeratio, 31, 1875; Jordan & Swain, 1. ¢. 
Macrops oculatus, Duméril, Ichth. Analytique, 1856, 279 (fide Gill). 
Habitat: West Indies. 
Etymology: Oculatus, furnished with eyes; a reference to its large 
eyes. 
This very beautiful species is abundant in the markets of Havana, 
where it is known as cachucho. It is found in rather deep water, with 
such forms as Lutjanus vivanus, buccanella, mahogoni, Rhomboplites 
aurorubens, Aprion macrophthalmus, and Apsilus dentatus. These fishes 
are a little lower down in the bathymetric scale than Lutjanus aya, 
which in turn inhabits deeper water than the other Lutjani. In still 
deeper water is found Verilus sordidus, which is a true deep-water fish. 
The cachucho reaches a length of 2 feet or more, and is esteemed 
as a food-tish. The synonymy of the species offers no complications, 
although its generic relations have been often misunderstood. This and 
some other Cuban Lutjanine bear considerable resemblance to certain 
Japanese types, but it is improper to regard them as specifically 
identical with their Asiatic representatives until specimens have been 
fully compared. - 
