SPAROID FISHES OF AMERICA AND EUROPE. 461 
ANALYSIS OF SPECIES OF -XENICHTHYS. 
a. Pectoral fin faleate, about as long as the head and reaching to front of anal fin; 
eye very large, 24 in head; snout broad and flat; mouth oblique, the maxillary 
24 in head; teeth quite small, those on vomer scarcely developed; none on pala- 
tines or tongue; lower jaw much projecting; preopercle very finely serrulate ; 
gill-rakers slender and rather long, x-+-17; nostrils small, oblong; the longest 
% pupil; body compressed, the back somewhat elevated; longest dorsal spine not 
half length of head; soft dorsal and anal low, covered with small scales; caudal 
forked; anal spines short, graduated, the second stouter; first soft ray of anal 
less than + head; head, 3 in length; depth, 3. D. x1-1, 17, or 18; A. 111, 17. 
Scales, 56. Color, steel-blue above, silvery below......---..----- AGASSIZII, 31. 
aa. Pectoral fin short, 14 in head, not reaching nearly to the vent; eye very large, 3 
in head; mouth oblique, the dentition much as in X. agassizii ; occasionally very 
small teeth on vomer; none on palatines or tongue; preopercle with weak, sharp 
serre on its vertical limb; gill-rakers moderate, the longest half diameter of 
pupil. Form of the preceding; third dorsal spine longest, 1¢ in head; soft dorsal 
and anal low, covered with small scales; caudal forked; anal spines small, 
graduated. Head, 3in length; depth, 3. D. x1-1, 18; A. 11,17, Scales, 10-54-14. 
Color, bluish-gray, silvery below; upper parts with 7 or 8 faint blackish streaks 
along the rows of scales; mouth yellow within in life; fins yellowish, with scat- 
tered black specks, the edges of most of them dusky; young with two dark 
longitudinal streaks and a faint spot at base of caudal.........------ XANTI, 32. 
31. XENICHTHYS AGASSIZII. 
Xenichthys agassizii Steindachner, Ichth. Beitr., m1, 6, 1875 (Galapagos Islands); 
Jordan & Gilbert, Bull. U.S. F. C. 1881, 326 (copied). 
Habitat: Galapagos Islands. 
Etymology: Named for Louis Agassiz. 
Our specimen of this species is one of the original types, received by 
us from the Museum of Comparative Zodlogy. It is very close to the 
next species, differing chiefly in the length of the pectoral. 
32. XENICHTHYS XANTI. = 
Xenichthys xanti Gill, Proc. Ac. Nat. Sci. Phila. 1863, 82 (Cape San Lucas, description 
erroneous); Jordan & Gilbert, Bull. U.S. F. C. 1881, 326 (copied); Jordan & 
Gilbert, Proc. U.S. N. M. 1882, 360 (types of X. xanti); Jordan & Bollman, 
1. c., 1889, 181 (Panama). 
Xenichthys cenops Jordan & Gilbert, Bull. U.S. F. C. 1882, 525 (Panama). 
Habitat: Pacific coast of tropical America, from Cape San Lucas to 
Panama. 
Etymology: Named for John Xantus. 
This species is rather abundant at Panama, where numerous speci- 
mens were obtained by Prof. Gilbert. The original types of X. wanti 
are young examples of the same species. In the original description 
the dorsal rays were wrongly counted as XI-1, 14, the scales of the lateral 
line described as different from the others, but no difference of any 
importance exists, 
