ATG REPORT OF COMMISSIONER OF FISH AND FISHERIES. 
44. HAMULON FLAVOLINEATUM. 
(French Grunt; Open-mouth Grunt; Ronco Condenado.) 
Diabasis flavolineatus Desmarest, Prem. Décade Ichth., 1823, 35, pl. 2, f.1; Desmarest, 
Dictionnaire Classique, V, 235, about 1825, tab. 98, f. 1 (Cuba). 
Anarmostus flavolineatus, Putnam, Bull. M. C. Z., 1863, 12 (name only). 
Hemulon flavolineatum, Poey, Repertorio, 1, 309, 1867; Poey, Synopsis, 318; Poey, 
Enumeratio, 45; Jordan, Proc. U. 8. N. M. 1884, 126 (Key West); Jordan 
& Swain, l. c., 305; Jordan, 1. c., 1889; 648 (St. Lucia). 
Hemulon heterodon Cuvier, Regne Animal, ed. 2, 1829 (Diabase rayée of Desmarest) ; 
Cuy. & Val., v, 1830, 255 (Martinique); Poey, Repertorio, 1, 1867, 309. 
Hemulon xcanthopteron Cuv. & Val., v, 1830, 254 (Martinique). 
Hemulon canthopterwm, Giinther, 1, 312, 1859 (Martinique, Jamaica, Trinidad, Puerto 
Cabello). 
Hemulum xanthopterum, Cope, Trans. Am. Philos. Soc. 1871, 471 (St. Croix). 
Hemylum xanthopterum, Bean, Proc. U. 8. N. M. 1880, 96 (Bermuda; no description). 
Habitat: West Indies; Florida Keys and Bermudas to Brazil. 
Etymology: Flavus, yellow; lineatus, marked with lines. 
This species is rather rare at Key West, where it is known as the 
“French grunt” or “open-mouth grunt.” In Havana, it is more com- 
mon, and is called “ronco condenado.” It reaches a length of nearly a 
foot. Its peculiar coloration and large lateral scales render it one of the 
mosteasily recognizable of thespecies. The young show two dark lateral 
stripes like the young of H. parra, rimator, ete. There is no doubt as 
to the name to be retained for this species, the name /flavolineatus of 
Desmarest having clear priority over the names of species described by 
Cuvier, the description and figure given by him being very good. In 
the first description of the genus Hamulon, the Diabasis flavolineatus 
is expressly mentioned by Cuvier as one of the species to be referred to 
the genus. The other names of the species are less certain. H. hetero- 
don Cuy. certainly belongs here, and probably H. «wanthopteron also. 
Specimens are in the Museum at Cambridge from Havana, Tortugas, 
Jérémie, Hayti, Bermudas, Bahamas, Amelia Island, Florida, Barbados. 
45. HAIMULON CHRYSARGYREUM. 
Hemulon chrysargyreum Giinther, 1, 314, 1859 (Trinidad); Giinther, Shore Fishes, 
Challenger, 7 (Fernando Noronha); Jordan & Swain, l.c.(copied); Jordan, 
_ Le., 1889, 648 (St. Lucia). 
Hemulon teniatum Poey, Memorias, 11, 182, 1860 (Cuba); Poey, Syn. Pisce. Cub., 319; 
Jordan, Proc. U.S. N. M. 1884, 126 (Key West); Jordan & Swain, 1. ¢., 307. 
Brachygenys teniata, Poey, Enum. Pisce. Cub., 1875, 47. 
Habitat: West Indies; southern Florida to Brazil. 
Etymology: ypucds, gold; dpybpzos, silvery. 
This little fish, the smallest of the genus, is abundant’ both at Key 
West and Havana. None of the specimens seen exceed six inches in 
length. This species approaches more closely than any other to the 
genus Pomadasis.. It differs from the others in the less development of 
tlie cavernous structure of the skull, the foramina on the frontal region 
being inconspicuous. The specimens called teniatum are identieal 
