SPAROID FISHES OF AMERICA AND EUROPE. 497 
dd. Anal rays, 111, 12 or 13; snout long and sharp, less than 38 in head; eye 
small, about 5 in head. Jaws equal, with a narrow band of slen- 
der teeth, the outer above a little larger; maxillary not reaching 
to eye; preopercle very slightly serrate above, the serre blunt, 
obsolete below; gill-rakers short aud slender, x-+12. Scales 
small; the crown, cheeks, and pieces of the gill-cover covered 
with small seales; snout in advance of the nostrils, suborbitals 
and lower jaw naked; dorsal and anal spines inclosed in a deep 
scaly sheath, Outline of dorsal slightly notched; anal rather 
high; pectoral shortish; caudal well-forked. 
Jf. Second anal spine shorter than third, more than 5 times in head. 
g. Body ovate-elliptical, much elevated at shoulders, depth less than 3 
in body; scales comparatively small, 10-60-19; dorsal rays, 16. 
Color metallic brownish-olive above, changing to yellowish on 
belly; indistinct golden streaks along rows of scales ; yellowish and 
bluish blotches on fin membranes. Head, 34; depth, 23; D. x11 
or x1, 16; A. m1, 12 0r 13; scales, 10-60-19; maxillary, 34; eye, 5; 
preorbitai, 33; pectoral, 14; snout, 2?; spinous dorsal, 24; second 
anal spine, 5}; anal rays, 3; base soft dorsal in spinous, 1}. 
CHRYSOPTERUS, 79. 
gg. Body elongate-elliptical, slightly elevated at shoulders; depth, 3+ 
in body; scales comparatively large, 8-60-16; dorsalrays,15. Color 
- metallic grayish-blue above, yellowish below; faint lighter 
streaks following the rows of scales; blotches on fin membranes. 
Head, 31; depth, 34; D. xu, 15; A. mm, 12; scales 8-60-16; maxil- 
lary, 34; eye, 5; preorbital, 33; pectoral, 14; snout, 24; spinous 
dorsal, 8; second anal spine, 53; anal rays, 3; base soft dorsal in 
SPIMOUN WE. Mace eerie cis eit ose sake sabe ches alate wees Poryt, 80. 
ff. Second anal spine about as long as third, less than 5 times in head; 
mouth small, maxillary 4 in head; snout short, 2? in head; spin- 
ous dorsal high, 24 in head. Body oblong, the back elevated, less 
so than in chalceus; the profile convex at the nape, depressed 
above eye, thence perfectly straight to the tip of snout. Color 
brownish gray above, soiled silvery below; upper parts with eight 
diffuse crossbands as wide as the interspaces, extending to below 
middle of sides; membrane of opercle dark, some dark streaks 
following rows of scales; dorsal with some dull orange and some 
pale round spots as in chrysopterus. Head, 3}; depth, 23; D. x11 
or xu, 15-16; A. 11, 12; scales 9-60-18; maxillary, 4;. eye, 43; 
preorbital, 4; pectoral, 1; snout, 22; spinous dorsal, 24; second 
anal spine, 4; anal rays, 24; base soft dorsal in spinous, 14. 
CANTHARINUS, 81. 
bb. Soft dorsal and anal covered with small scales. (Isaciella Jordan & Fesler.) 
h. Preopercle entire; preorbital broad, 4% in head; mouth rather 
large, maxillary shorter than snout. Body rather elongate, in 
form intermediate between brevipinnis and chalceus; back elevated 
and compressed, especially anteriorly; profile regularly rounded; 
mouth larger than in other species of Orthopristis; teeth small, 
the outer above longer, slender, and ciose-set; maxillary not 
reaching to opposite front of eye; gill-rakers of moderate length, 
a little shorter than pupil, x+14; snout long, moderately sharp; 
eye moderate; jaws subequal; scales large; some series of 
scales on soft dorsal and anal, a row close behind each ray. 
H, Mis, 113——32 
