SPAROID FISHES OF AMERICA AND EUROPE. 511 
97. CALAMUS CALAMUS. (Saucer-eye Porgy.) 
_ Pagellus calamus Cuy. & Val., v1, 1830, 206, pl. 152 (Martinique, San Domingo). 
Chrysophrys calamus, Giinther, 1, 187, 1859 (Bahia, " Trinidad, Cuba, Jamaica; several 
species pbfiaende ). 
Calamus calamus, Jordan & Gilbert, Proc. U.S. N. M. 1884, 17 (Key West, Havana). 
Calamus megacephalus Swainson, Nat. Hist. Fish., u, 222, 18389 (after Cuv. & Val.); 
Guichenot, Revision des Pagels, Mem. Soc. Imp. Cherbourg, xIv, 112; 
Poey, Ann. Lyc. Nat. Hist., N. Y., 1872, 178. 
Pagellus orbitarius Poey, Memorias, 11, 1860, 2014 éluvans: 
Sparus orbitarius Poey, Synopsis, 1868, 508. 
Calamus orbitarius Poey, Ann. Lye. Nat. Hist., N. Y., 1872, 179, pl. v1, f. 2 
Calamus macrops, Jordan & Gilbert, Syn. Fish. N. A., 1883, 927 (Garden Key). 
Habitat: West Indies, north to Florida Keys. 
Etymology: Calamus, a reed, the equivalent of pez de pluma., 
This species, described in detail in the paper of Jordan & Gilbert 
above mentioned, is generally common about Key West and Havana, 
reaching a length of 15 inches. It is, however, nowhere so abundant 
as proridens or bajonado. Among the specimens in the museum at 
Cambridge are some of the types of Calamus orbitarius. In some of 
these none of the canines are turned forward, and none of the speci- 
mens collected by Dr. Jordan show this character. In others the 
outermost of the seven or eight canines in the upper jaw is turned 
directly forward, asin C. proridens. Some of these also show an approxi- 
mation to the head coloration of C. proridens. The dorsal spines and 
the depth of the preorbital show that all these belong to C. calamus. 
Calamus megacephalus Poey is based on specimens of C. calamus, with 
the antrorse canines of C. proridens. The implication of a confusion 
in Poey’s description made by us (Proc. U. S. N. M. 1883, 16, 18) is 
probably unwarranted, as his specimens at Cambridge agree with his 
description. The direction of the teeth is less valuable as a diagnostic 
character than our specimens led us to suppose. 
98. CALAMUS PRORIDENS. (Little-head Porgy; Pez de Pluma.) 
Calamus megacephalus Jordan & Gilbert, Syn. Fish. N. A., 1883, 926 (Florida Keys; 
not of Swainson). 
Calamus pennatula Jordan & Gilbert, Proc. U.S. N. M. 1884, 15 (Key West, Havana; 
not of Guichenot). 
Calamus proridens Jordan & Gilbert, Proc. U.S. N.M. 1884, 150 (Key West). 
Habitat: West Indies, north to the Florida Keys. 
Etymology: Prora, prow; dens, tooth, from the projecting canines, 
This species, the most brightly colored of the genus, is very abun- 
dant about the Florida Keys. It is not quite socommon either at Key 
West or at Havana as Calamus bajonado, but in both places either 
spec ies far outnumbers all the remaining species combined. 
