SPAROID FISHES OF AMERICA AND EUROPE. 517 
XXV. PAGELLUS. 
Pagellus Cuy..& Val., vi, 169, 1830 (erythrinus). 
Type: Sparus erythrinus Cuv. & Val. 
Etymology: French, pagel; a derivative or diminutive of pagre and 
Pagrus. 
This genus is very close to Sparus, from which it differs in no very 
important character, the skull and skeleton in the two being essentially 
alike, and the only tangible distinctions lying in the weaker dentition 
and more elongate form of Pagellus. The four recognized species are all 
European, one being doubtfully accredited to the coast of Brazil.* 
The species are: 
113. PAGELLUS ERYTHRINUS (L.). Southern Europe, ete., north to 
England. 
114. PAGELLUS ACARNE Cuv. & Val. Southern Europe, ete., north to 
England. 
115. PAGELLUS CENTRODONTUS (De la Roche). Southern Europe north 
to England. 
116. PAGELLUS BOGARAVEO (Briinnich). Southern Europe, ete. 
117. PAGELLUS MORMYRUS (L.). Mediterranean and neighboring 
waters; said to occur in Brazil. 
* ANALYSIS OF SUPPOSED AMERICAN SPECIES OF PAGELLUS. 
a. Color, golden silvery, with seven narrow blackish crossbars, sometimes dupli- 
cated. Body oblong, compressed; mouth very protractile, the maxillary bent; 
eye 5 in head, which is a little less than depth of body. D.x1, 12; A.1, 10. 
DCALESAO Od We or Se ta ct ey anata mare & Ltetera erases MORMYRUS (pernambucensis). 
PAGELLUS MORMYRUS. 
Sparus mormyrus Linneus, Syst. Nat., 1758, ed. x. 
Pagellus mormyrus Cuv. & Val., v1, 200, and of nearly all European authors. 5 
Pagellus goreensis Cuv. & Val., VI, 203, 1830 (Gorea), 
Pagellus pernambucensis Cuv. & Val., VI, 216, 1830 (Pernambuco ?). 
Habitat: Mediterranean Sea and neighboring coasts; ascribed on very doubtful 
authority to America. 
Etymology: Mormyrus, opyupos, a name given by Aristotle to this species. 
_The claim of this species to a place among American fishes is the presence in the 
Museum of Berlin of a stuffed example, received by Bloch from ‘‘ Fernamboue,” and 
bearing the label ‘ Sparus pernambucensis.” Giinther mentions three specimens in 
the British Museum from ‘St. Vincent,” collected by McGillivray. As already 
noticed, there is an island St. Vincent in the Cape Verde group where this species 
is common, as well asone among the Lesser Antilles, where it has not yet been taken. 
The specimens of McGillivray came from the Cape Verde Island of St, Vincent. 
The occurrence of any Pagellus in America is yet to be verified. 
