SPAROID FISHES OF AMERICA AND EUROPE. 525 
126. DIPLODUS SARGUS. (Sargo.) 
Sparus No. 13, Artedi, Genera, 37; No.2, Sueci, Deser., 58, 1738. 
Sparus sargus Linneus, Syst. Nat., ed. x, 278, 1758 (Mediterranean), and of early 
European authors. 
Sargus variegatus Lacépede, Hist. Nat. Poiss., Iv, 207, 1803 (Mediterranean) ; Goode, 
Bull. U. 8. N.M:, v, 52, 1876 (Bermuda); Goode, Cat. Fish. Bermuda, Am. 
Jour. Science and Art, 292, 1877 (Bermuda). 
Sargus raucus Geoftroy St. Hilaire, Descr. de Egypte, Poiss., 1813, pl. xvin, fig. 1. 
Sargus rondeleti Cuy. & Val., Hist. Nat. Poiss., v1, 14, pl. Cxi1, 1830 (Mediterranean), 
and of European writers generally. 
Sargus vetula Cuv. & Val., 1. ce. 
Habitat: Coast of southern Europe; Bermudas. 
Etymology: capyés, sargus, the ancient name of a species of this genus. 
This species is known to us only from descriptions. It is included 
in the American fauna on the record of Dr. Goode of its occurrence in 
the Bermudas. 
The remaining European species of the genus are the following: 
7 127. DIPLODUS VULGARIS (Geoffroy St. Hilaire). (Sargo Seifia.) Med- 
iterranean Sea and neighboring islands. 
128. DIPLODUS ANNULARIS (Gmelin). (Mojarra.) Mediterranean Sea 
and neighboring islands. 
129. DIPLODUS FASCIATUS (Cuv. & Val.). Western Mediterranean and 
shores of northwestern Africa. 
This species is intermediate between Diplodus and Charax, and, accord- 
ing to Steindachner, its existence makes the latter genus untenable. 
XXIX. CHARAX. 
Charax Risso, Europe Méridiomale, 111, 1826, 353 (acutirostis—puntazzo) not Charax of 
Gronow, which is pre-Linnan). 
Puntazzo Bleeker, Systema Percarum Revisum, 1875, 284 (puntazzo; substitute for 
Charax, regarded as preoccupied). > 
Type: Sparus puntazzo Gmelin. 
Etymology: Charax, yépa=, an ancient name given “on account of 
the row of teeth which continues without interruption on each jaw.” 
This genus is very close to Diplodus, from which it differs only in the 
presence of a single row of very small molars instead of two or more 
rows of larger ones. The snout is slender and projecting, giving the 
species a somewhat peculiar physiognomy. The genus is of slight 
value, but may be retained for the present, although, as Steindachner 
has already noticed, Diplodus fasciatus with two rows of small molars 
marks the transition from Diplodus to Charax. The generic name 
Puntazzo is unnecessary if the pre-Linnzean and prebinomial names of 
Gronow (1.754) are not to be considered. Charax of Gronow is based on 
species of Characinide. <A single species is known: 
130. CHARAX PUNTAZZO (Gmelin). Mediterranean Sea and islands of 
the Eastern Atlantic, 
