XIV BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY 



ines as to suggest a convenient arrangement for the use of 

 investigators, and suoli an arrangenient has been formulated 

 and phxced within reach of the colhiborators and others for 

 subjection to the test of actual use. In this arrangement, 

 industries are classified as (1) simjjle production or substantia- 

 tion, (2) construction, (3) mechanics, (4) commerce, and (5) 

 the preservation, reconstruction, and improvement of the 

 human body by a series of processes conveniently connoted 

 by the term medicine. Provision has been made for c-omplet- 

 ing and adding details to the outline already prepared, in a 

 form suitable for publication in another part of this report. 



Mr C'Ushing's researches have served to illumine those early 

 stages in the growth of industries in which utility was but 

 vaguely perceived, and in whicli processes were largely cere- 

 monial or symbolic, as when the himter sought success by 

 imitating the attitude and actions or by arming himself with 

 the l)eak or claws of a, raptorial tutelary. The researches 

 conducted in the Bureau have already rendered it clear that 

 decoration, as indeed the greater portion of the fine arts, 

 arises in syml)olism and develops through conventionism; and 

 the researches of the year suggest a related genesis for indus- 

 tries. The results of the work sire in preparation for full 

 publication. 



While among the surviving aborigines of California, Mr 

 W J McGee was enabled to make observations corroborating 

 and extending generalizations alread}' framed with respect to 

 those of the primitive industries involving the use of stone as 

 material for implements. Tlie several tribes studied may 

 convenient^' lie classed as Acorn Indians, since acorns form 

 their princi])id source of food, and since their charjicteristic 

 industries are conditioned by tliis food supph'. Some of the 

 processes and implements vary from tribe to tribe; for example, 

 in some tribes tlie acorns arecrackeil in tlie teeth in order that 

 the meats may be extracted, in others they are cracked with 

 spheroidal hanuner-stones, and in still others an elongated 

 })estle-like stone, grasped bvone hand and used in the fashion 

 of a clul) or ciA'ilized liaiumer, is emplo^■ed for tlie same pur- 

 pose. Othei' devices, such fis th(tse used for grinding tlic acorn 



