POWELL] SOCIOLOGY LXXV 



players must use judgment, and their success depends as much 

 on their judg-ment as on the skill with which they express it. 

 The observers also exercise their judgment, and have their 

 opinions about the players and about the judgments of the 

 umpire, and express these opinions in approbation or disap- 

 proval, and the crowd is boisterous with such expression. In 

 this example we see that the five qualities are concomitant in 

 the same game, but the controlling quality is pleasure, for 

 pleasure is the purpose of the multitude who come to look on, 

 and it is the purj^ose of the players to give them pleasure that 

 they themselves may have gain. 



This illustration is used to set forth the nature of demotic 

 qualities and how some quality becomes a leading motive in 

 demotic activities, while all the other motives remain ancillary. 

 Purposes can not be dissevered from one another in concrete 

 activities, l)ut they may be considered separately; tliat is, 

 qualities are concomitant. 



It will be noticed that the players must be organized into a 

 corporation, but the onlookers constitute but an aggregate of 

 people, although they may be assembled in a dense crowd. 

 They are not organized for a purpose, although they have the 

 common purpose of pleasure. 



Corporaiions for iveJfarc. There are corporations to promote 

 the industries of substantiation, such as farmers' clubs, organ- 

 izations for agricultural fairs, stock-growers' associations, and 

 mining associations. Tliere are corporations for the industries 

 of construction, such as corporations for manufacturing, or 

 societies for the promotion of a special class of manufacturers, 

 such as bicycle manufacturers, men engaged in manufactur- 

 ing leather goods, men engaged in manufacturing- iron and 

 steel goods. Not only do the capitalists themselves organize 

 into societies, but the laborers organize into societies ; these 

 are usually trade unions; thus the carpenters are organized, 

 and the locomotive engineers are organized, and all ■s'arieties 

 of labor may be organized in like manner. 



There are many corporations to promote the interest of 

 merchants, which are partnerships to ]iromote solidarity and 

 societies to promote division of labor. There are corporations 



