HOLMES] POTTERY OP THE SUSQUEHANNA VALLEY 165 



from Cavetown and other localities in northern Mary hind. The pipes, 

 though resembling- the south Algonquian forms, are like those of north- 

 ern Maryland and southern Pennsylvania, and are distinctly' Iroquoian. 



LOWER SUSQUEHANNA POTTERY 



The occupation of the lower Susquehanna l)y tribes of Iroquoian 

 stock might be readily- proved }>y the ceramic remains of that region, 

 if history were entirely silent on the sidiject. The peoples to whom 

 this earthenwai'e belonged were possiltlj^ the Susquehannocks of John 

 Smith, but very probably were the Conestegas of later times, a people 

 not connected with the League, and at war with some of the League 

 tribes. The last remnant of these people were the unfortunate vil- 

 lagers of Conestoga, who were massacred there and at Lancaster by 

 the Paxton boj^s only a hundn>d and fifty years ago (175;")). 



From a village site near Bainbridge, on the Susquehanna, Mr Gal- 

 braith obtained a number of broken vases and sherds which came into 

 the possession of the National Museum. These are of familiar types 

 of form and decoration, as will be seen ))y reference to plate cxlit. 

 Pulvei'ized mussel shells were used in tempering the claj-, and in 

 cases the percentage of this ingredient is very large. We have here, 

 as elsewhere, the small body, the scalloped rim, the heavy overhanging 

 collar, and the archaic arrangements of incised lines. There are also 

 the rather rudely modeled faces, two or four in number, projecting from 

 the angles of the frieze ((/. 1:>. and c)\ and a somewhat unique feature 

 is the enlargement of the notched lower margin of the frieze into 

 pendant points, marked with incised lines, as is seen in d and e. The 

 diameter of this vase is about 10 inches. The surfaces are imf)er- 

 fectly smoothed, as if rubbed down with the finger tips I'ather than 

 with a polishing tool; and there are traces of textile imprints on the 

 body and neck, as if a cord or fa})ric-coA'ered tool had been used in 

 malleating the surface. The incised lines are rather carelessly drawn, 

 and the modeled faces are extremely elementary. 



The extension of this ware into eastern Pennsylvania and New Jer- 

 sey has not been recorded, although Warren county, in northwestern 

 New Jersey, has furnished examples of vases, preserved in the collec- 

 tions of the Academy of Sciences, Philadelphia, which have the over- 

 hanging upright collar, not, however, typically developed and not 

 decorated in the Iroquoian style. The tempering is silicious, the 

 treatment rude, the walls thick, and the bodies long and conic below. 

 The bodies are finished with textile-like impressions, and thej^ have 

 Algonquian rather than Iroquoian characters. 



POTTERY OF NORTHERN PENNSYLVANIA AND NEW YORK 



The Wj'oming Historical and Geological Society of WilkesbaiTe, 

 Pennsylvania, located in the midst of the Irofiuoian territory, has been 



