HOLMES] POTTERY OF NEW ENGLAND 179 



the good fortune to find fragments of a snmll vase on the ishmd of 

 Nantucket. 



The pottery of eastern Massachusetts is represented Ijy a con- 

 siderable number of pieces, some of which are entire, or nearly so. 

 That the Algouquian tribes were making and using pottery on the 

 arrival of the whites is made certain by numerous references to the sub- 

 ject in early writings. Thomas Morton, in Force's Tracts, volume ii. 

 page 30, says that "they have earthen potts of divers .sizes from a 

 quarter to a gallon. 2. or 3. to boyle their vitels in; very stronge, 

 though they be thin like our iron potts." It seems, therefore, that 

 notwithstanding the presence of apparently Iroquoian features in these 

 vessels, we are warranted in attributing them to the historic Algon- 

 quians, since all the specimens are much alike in every essential respect. 



The figures given in plate clx will convey a good idea of the 

 characteristics of this ware. Specimens <i. h, and r were obtained l)y 

 Professor F. W. Putnam from graves in Winthrop. Massachusetts. 

 With them were associated glass beads, so that the date of their manu- 

 facture is probably somewhere between Id'li) and lOoO. The height 

 of the larger vessel is about seven inches, and the others are shown on 

 the same scale. Specimen i7 is from Hingham. Massachusetts, and 

 the others given in outline are sketch restorations of small vessels 

 recovered from a grave at Revere (e), and from a grave at Marble- 

 head (_/). In nearly all cases the surface has been worked down with 

 textile-surfaced tools, and subsequently portions about the I'im and 

 neck have been rubbed down and rudely decorated with incised lines 

 and indentations. The pipe ff was found in Connecticut, and is deco- 

 rated in a .style corresponding closelv to that of the Algonquian vases. 



The village sites and shell banks of Maine yield considerable pottery 

 of the simple styles common in the Algonquian areas. It is fouml in 

 fragments, and ])ut few specimens even of these have found their way 

 to the nuiseums. The vessels were mere pots, and the pipes, although 

 sometimes ornamented with incised lines and indentations, are mainlv 

 the simple bent trumpet of the more southern areas. The clay is t(>m- 

 pered usually witli a large percentage of coarse sand, the finish is 

 comparatively rude, and the ornament, though varied, is always ele- 

 mentary. The surfaces have, in many cases, been textured with cord- 

 covered paddles, and over these, or on spaces smoothed down for the 

 purpose, are various crude patterns made with cords, bits of fabric, 

 roulettes, and pointed tools of many varieties. The use of the roulette 

 would seem to link the art of this Abnaki region very closely with that 

 of the Middle Atlantic states and portions of the upper Mississippi 

 region. The simple notched roulette was used in the manner shown 

 in plate clix c, and the compound i-oulette was quite common. 



Prolific sites an> found on the Kenn(>bec and Penobscot ri\ers. and 

 all along the shellfish-produi'ing shore as far as Nova Scotia. 



