ON CREATION OR EVOLUTION. 201 



ments, traced iu the interest of the theory of natural causa- 

 tion, cannot fail to shed an added light upon the teleology 

 of Paley. This "correspondence of life with its circum- 

 stances " is so immaneut in nature as to warrant a fresh 

 name; accordingly the ''new teleology" Avith its subtle 

 connotation of " better " or " truer," takes tlie place Avhich 

 has been pronounced vacant, and a meclianicai theory is 

 ready to attempt the grouping of all the facts of adaptation 

 in organic nature under a natural law. Indeed, Romanes 

 says, " Unless the theory has succeeded in doing this, it has 

 not succeeded in doing anything, beyond making a great 

 noise in the world. If ]\Ir. Darwin has not discovered a new 

 mechanical cause in the selection principle, his labour has 

 been worse than useless. "* To this last statement few even 

 of his opponents Avould agree. The " new teleology," which 

 emerges from Darwinian studies, so far transcends in ac- 

 curate minuteness the former teaching, as to be itself a 

 stronghold for those who hold the necessity of divine origin- 

 ation and superintendence of that Cosmos which encircles us. 

 That cause which, on the development theory, availed even 

 in the course of four hundred milhons of years to elaborate 

 from carbon, oxygen, hydrogen, and nitrogen, those pro- 

 tozoa, Avhich, amidst incalculable disturbances, eventuated 

 in man, can be nothing else than a supremely intelligent and 

 powerful Being. In comparison Avith a "law" such as that 

 of evolution, those with which astronomers and physicists 

 have to deal are simplicity itself. 



The whole of animal and vegetable life affords a field for 

 the study of these adaptations, but the anatomy and physi- 

 ology of man oifer the best, because the most elaborate 

 illustrations of design, and for an introduction to this in- 

 vestigation, "Natural Theology," with certain subtractions, 

 and a few additions, is valuable indeed. In physiology, de- 

 fined by Huxle_y as "the mechanical engineering of livhig 

 machines" rather than in anatomy, much has been added in a 

 hundred years to the demonstration of the perfect mechanism 

 of the human body for its life ; and organ after organ has been 

 chgnified by a discoA^ery of its function, until it is hardly 

 exaggeration to say that every tissue and organ is instinct 

 with purpose, calculable and demonstrable from the side 

 of physiology. The most recent demonstration of the inter- 

 working of the A^arious organs of the body is that of the 



"'^ Darwin and after Darwin, part I, p. 402. 



