288 PJROF. T. MCKENNY HUGHES, F.R.S., ON 



fairly safe guides to the student of tlic story of the tlevolop- 

 jnent of the people, and he may look with suspicion on the 

 i-esults of pedantic history -which do not harmonise with the 

 results thus obtained. 



I have aimed at no complete sketch, but have tried to 

 sugg(^stsome lines of enquiry along which we may reasonably 

 liope to pick up some useful evidence as to early inhabitants of 

 our island and the origin of the English race. 



Around Scotland Ave find the Baltic and Norse and (Jerman 

 types far more strongly developed, as that countr}' Liy much 

 nearer the opposite shores from which they started. 



In the Highlands we have dark races, but I cannot say 

 whether they can be distinguished from one another as I 

 have endeavoured to do in the case of the Welsh. 



In Ireland there are also some dark people, especially in the 

 south-west, but geographical features have not to the same 

 extent helped to isolate varieties, and the waves of conquest 

 w^ere not determined by the same well-marked shore lines, 

 Dublin was, and in the features of its inhabitants is seen to be 

 still a Scandinavian city, while Norman names are common 

 among the farmers of south central Ireland. 



We will now try to trace to its source another race whose 

 origin is still more obscure. For shortness I will speak of it 

 as the red race, to distinguish it from the other two which. 

 I have been describing as fair and dark respectively. 



If you were to start from Belfast, travel through Lowland 

 Scotland or the North of England, on through North (i ermany 

 or on either side of the Baltic, through Esthonia down the 

 Volga — at any rate as far as Kasan and Samara, — you would 

 meet with no people as dark as the little swarthy man 

 of Eryri (Snowdon). 



But if you were to start in the South of Ireland and travel 

 throuj^h Central Wales, Glamorgan, Devon, Brittany, France, 

 and along the Mediterranean to the countries bortlcring the 

 Levant, you will find no people as fair as the Lowland Scot or 

 Yorkshireman. 



We get the impression that the characteristic colour of 

 the Baltic race is fair and the characteristic colour of the 

 Mediterranean race is dark, and we feel tliat our inferences 

 are based on sufficiently wide observations to justify the 

 generalization that all fair races are of northern and all dark 

 races of southern origin. 



Now among the various groups of dark p('o])lo that wc 

 have been describing as occupying the mountain.s oi' ^\'ale8 



