294 PEOF. T. MCKENNY HUGHES, F.E.S., ON 



500 Indians, and one of the things I would punish most severely 

 would be intoxication. If an Indian is accused of having been 

 drunk I send for him and ask him if he was drunk, and if lie 

 says ' No ' I never ask him another question ; but very likely if he 

 drank at all he Avould say, ' I do not know if I was drunk, but 

 ask that Indian and he will tell you.' " 



His hospitality is extended to his worst enemy, who if he came 

 to his house Avould be treated well, while the old hatred would 

 come back if he met him elsewhere. 



Then he always offered his first-fruits — the first-fruits of the 

 hunt. Ask an Indian what he means by the act and he says, 

 "We give these for the Great Spirit." So there are certain cus- 

 toms that appertain to their family religion, and in that they are 

 so like those to be found in the Old Testament, that I recollect one 

 of my first converts, who afterwards became a clergyman — when 

 he read the Litany in which he asked God to forgive the sins of 

 our fathers, tears came into his eyes — he believed so strongly 

 that he belonged to that race, 



I have listened to this lecture with great delight, but I came to 

 listen and not to make a speech, 



Mr. D. Howard, V.P.C.S. — I must say it is exceedingly in- 

 tei'esting to hear such an admirable sketch of unmixed races in 

 contrast to the extremely mixed races of Europe. 



The idea of nationality is very curious. The late Professor Free- 

 man expressed opinions about the French nation which were not 

 exactly what one would venture to express in France ; but certainly 

 it was strictly to the point, that there was no French nation. We 

 find remarkable instances of the survival of type. The most 

 striking thing is the survival of the smaller isolated groups of 

 some races and the extraordinary mixture in others. One of the 

 most e.xti-aordinary things in I'egard to race is that we sjicak of 

 the Korman as of Scandinavian origin ; and yet we find the 

 Norman race, as far as appearance and language go, is distinct 

 from the Danes, who are nearly related to them as far as their 

 fathers are concerned. Here you have one race kept pure and 

 another race which evidently did not bring their wives with 

 them, but intermarried with Latin-speaking mothers and made the 

 Norman race ; whereas the Danes probably, when they came from 

 their homes, brought their wives with them, and you get the true 

 Danish type in many villages on the coast of Scotland, and in 

 some places on the coast of ICngland of a more Danish typo 



