208 PEOF. T. MCKENNY HUGHES^ F.K.S., ON 



married. The Egfyptians early intermarried with both Semitic 

 and Mongol tribes, and with Nubians also. Their lang-uage shows 

 these influences. The Latins in Italy were mingled, in the same 

 way, with non-Aryan Etruscans, who appear to have been 

 Mongols. 



I do not understand how it is possible to speak of a " Mediter- 

 ranean race." In Asia Minor the population, from an early age, 

 was a mixture of Greeks, Phrygian Aryans from Europe (from 

 whom Armenians are mainly descended), Medes and Persians 

 (including the Lycians), and Turks, preceded by Mongol Akka- 

 dians and Hittites.* In Palestine the populations were mainly 

 Semitic. In North Africa y/e have Berber races, closely con. 

 nected with the ancient Egyptians, and an infusion of Celtic 

 Aryans (White Libyans) with the later Aryan Vandals, as v/ell 

 as the Semitic Phoenicians and Arabs. In Italy the Neapolitan 

 type (with which I am familiar) appears to be a mixture of Latin 

 Aryans with Greeks and Arabs (possibly also Phoenicians), and 

 the language contains Arab and Greek words to the present day. 

 The Portuguese type also owes much to the Moors — a mixture of 

 Arabs and Berbers. The fine Tuscan type still represents the 

 mixture of Latins with p]truscans; and the folletti or faii'ies of 

 Etruria still retain the names, not of Latin, but of Etruscaii 

 deities. 



In all cases that T have been able to trace, the physical resem- 

 blances are due, not to the effect of climate, but to intermarriage, 

 and this I believe is true in America also. The effect of tem- 

 perature on colour is on the other hand sufficiently evident. 



The distinction between the purer Slav and the Tartar Russian 

 is very evident in a Russian crowd. The Finns speak a Mongo 

 language, but one full of Aryan loan words, and they seem to be 

 a mixed Slavo-Mongol race. The Basque dialects are gramma- 

 tically nearest to the Finnic language, and the vocabulary i& 

 mainly of this class, but is also full of Latin words. The Basque 

 type in the same way appears to have been Aryanised. 



That the early Gi'eeks were a people Avith auburn hair and blue 

 or green eyes, seems to me pi-oved, not only by the early statues 



* There was also a Semitic population in Cilicia speaking a language like 

 the Assyrian about 1500 n.c.,and the coin of Baal Tars at Tarsus indicates 

 Pluenicians in this same region at a later period. The C'ariaus appear to 

 liave been Aryan in the fourth century B.C., but some Cariau and Lydian 

 words were apparently Mongolic. 



