BULL. ;'.o] 



NAWKAW NAYAKOLOLE , 



47 



Newitti.— Brit. Col. map, 1872. Niouetians. — 

 Nouv. Ann. Voy., i.x, 14, 1821. Ni-wittai.— Tolmie 

 and Dawson, Vocabs. Brit. Col., 118b, Ls81. Noo- 

 we-tee.— Can.Ind. Aff.1883, 190, 1884. Noo-we-ti.— 

 Ibid., 145, 1879. Nouitlies.— Duflot de Mot'ras, 

 Oregon, l, VA9, 1844. Nu-witti.— Can. Ind. Aff. 

 1894, 279, 1895. Xumtaspe.— Boas in Nat. Miis. 

 Rep. 1895,379, 1897 (own name for the town). 



Nawkaw (?'Wood'). A Winnebago 

 chief, known also as Carrymaunee 

 ('Walking: Tnrtle'), because he was a 

 meml)er of the Walking Turtle family, 

 the ruling family of the tribe. He was 

 born in 1735, and died at the advanced 

 age of 98 years in 1833. His residence 

 was at Big Green lake, between Green 

 Bay and Ft Winnebago (Portage), Wis., 

 ancl 30 m. from the latter. The earliest 

 recorded notice of Nawkaw relates to his 

 presence, as i)rincipal chief of his tribe, 

 at the battle of the Thames, Canada, Oct. 



NAWKAW (after McKENNEV AND HAUl) 



5, 1813, and that he was beside Tecumseh 

 when the latter fell ( Wis. Hist. Coll., xiv, 

 8(5, 1898). If the statement in regard to 

 his age be correct, Nawkaw was at that 

 time 78 years of age. That he was active 

 in behaff of his tribe in peaceful meas- 

 ures for the remaining years of his life is 

 evident from the fact that he was one of 

 the chief agents of the Winnebago in 

 making settlements and treaties on their 

 behalf. His namp, in various forms 

 (Carimine, Karry-Man-ee, Nan-kaw, Nau- 

 kaw-kary-maunie, Karamanu, and Onu- 

 naka), is attached to the treaties of St 

 Louis, Mo., June 3, 1816; Prairie du 

 Chien, Wis., Aug. 19, 1825; Butte des 

 Morts, Wis., Aug. 11,1827; Green Bay, 

 Wis., Aug. 25, 1828; and Prairie du 

 Chien, Aug. 1, 1829. But his most im- 

 portant acts in behalf of peace were his 



efforts in keeping his people from taking 

 part in the Black Hawk war in 1832. "The 

 policy of Nawkaw," sav McKenney and 

 Hall (Ind. Tribes, i, 316, 1858), "was 

 decidedly pacific, and his conduct was 

 consistent with his judgment and profes- 

 sions. To keep his followers from temp- 

 tation, as well as to place them under the 

 eye of an agent of our government, he 

 encamped with them near the agency, 

 under the charge of Mr Kinzie." It was 

 chiefly through his exertions that Red 

 Bird and his accomplices in the Gagnier 

 murder were surrendered, and through 

 his influence that clemency was obtained 

 for them, for which purpose he visited 

 Washington in 1S29; l)ut the pardon for 

 Red Bird came after he died in prison at 

 Prairie du Chien. Nawkaw was a large 

 man, 6 ft tall and well built. Mrs Kinzie 

 (Wau-Bun, 89, 1856) says he was a stal- 

 wart Indian, with a broad, pleasant coun- 

 tenance, the great peculiarity of which 

 was an immense under lip, hanging nearly 

 to his chin; this is seen to some extent 

 in his portrait. He is described as a 

 sagacious man, of firm, upright charac- 

 ter and pacific disposition, who filled his 

 station with dignity and commanded re- 

 spect by his fidelity. One of his daugh- 

 ters, Flight-of-Geese, married Choukeka, 

 or Spoon Dekaury (Wis. Hist. Coll., 

 .XIII, 455, 1895). A descendant of Naw- 

 kaw was living at Stevens Point, Wis., in 

 1887. (c. T.) 



Nawnautough. A village of the Pow- 

 hatan confeileracy in 1608, on the n. bank 

 of the Rappahannock, in Richmond co., 

 Va.— Smith ( 1629), Va., i, map, repr. 1819. 



Nawotsi. The Bear clan of the Caddo. — 

 Mooney in 14th Rep. B. A. E., 1093, 1896. 



Nawunena ('southern men'). The 

 name by which the Southern Arapaho, 

 now associated with the Southern Chey- 

 enne in Oklahoma, are known to the 

 rest of the tribe. Thev numbered 885 in 

 1906. 



Naiwuine'na". — Kroeber in Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. 

 Hist., .XVIII, 7, 1902 (Northern Arapaho name). 

 Nawathi'neha.— Mooney in 14th Rep. B. A. E., 955, 

 1896 ( 'southerners' :archaic form). Na'wunena. — 

 Mooney, ibid. Na wuth'-i-ni-han. — Havden, Kth- 

 nog. arid Philol. Mo. Val., 321, 1862. Ner-mon-sin- 

 nan-see.— Schoolcraft, Ind. Tribes, v, 496, 18.55. 

 Southern Arapahoes.— Official reports. Southern 

 Band.— Schoolcraft, op. cit. 



Nayakaukaue. A former town on the 

 site of the present St Helens, Columbia 

 CO., Oreg. According to Gatschet a band 

 of the Chinookan family settled there in 

 1877 and were called Nayakaukau by the 

 Clackama. 



Nai-a-kookwie.— Gibbs, MS. no. 248, B. A. E. 

 Nayakaukau.— Gatschet, MS., B. A. E., 1877 

 (Clackama name). Ne-ah-ko-koi.— Gibbs. op cit. 

 Ni-a-kow-kow.— Lvman in Oreg. Hist. Soc. Quar., 

 I, 322, 1900. 



Nayakolole. A Willopah village for- 

 merly situated opposite Bay Center, 

 Pacific CO., Wash. 



