84 



NORSEMEN NURUMBEG A 



[B. A. B. 



Pemaquid treaty (1693) quoted by Drake, Bk. 

 Inds., bk. 3, 121, 1848. Norredgewoek.— McKenney 

 and Hall, Ind. Tribes, iii, 82, 1854. Korrideg- 

 wock.— Me. Hist. Soc. Coll., iii, 357, 1853 (mis- 

 print). Norridgawock. — Doc. of 1752. ibid., IV, 170, 

 1856. Norridgewalk.— Colman (1726) in N. H. 

 Hist. Soc. Coll., I, 17, 1824. Norridgewocks. — Dum- 

 mer (1726) in Mass. Hi.'it. Soc. Coll., 1st s.,vi, 111, 

 1800. Norridgowock.— Treaty jour. (1749) in Me. 

 Hist. Soc. Coll., IV, 145, l><5t;. Norridg-wak. — Giisse- 

 feld, map, 1784. Norridgwalk. — Homann Heirs' 

 map, 1756. Norridgwocks. — Penhallow (1726) In 

 N. H. Hist. Soc. Coll., I. 129, 1824. Norridgwog.— 

 Rasles {ra. 1720) in Mass. Hist. Soc. Coll., Ists., x, 

 137, 1809. Norridgwogg.— Coffin (1796) in Me. Hist. 

 Soc. Coll., IV, 313, l.s,56. Norrigawake, — Ports- 

 mouth treaty (1713), ibid., vi, 250, 1859. Norrige- 

 ■wack.— Itudicy (1704) quoted by Drake, Ind. 

 \Var<,220, 1S-J5. Norrigewock. — Niles (ca. 1761) in 

 Mass. Hist. Soc. Coll., 3d s., vi, 247, 1837. Nor- 

 rigwock.— Church (1716) quoted by Drake, Ind. 

 Wars, 247, 1825. Norrijwok.— .lefferys, Fr. Doms., 

 pt. l,map, 119,1761. Norriwook. — La Tour, map, 

 1782. Norrywok.— .lefferys, Fr. Doms., pt. l,map, 

 1761. Korwidgewalks.— Doc. of 1764 in N. Y. Doc. 

 Col. Hist., VII, 641, 18.56. Nurhantsuaks. — Mau- 

 rault, Histoire des Abenakis, 5, 1866. Guenebec 

 Indians. — Douglass, Summary. 1, 184, 1755. Waw- 

 rigweck.— Smith (1616) in Mass. Hist. Soc. Coll., 

 3d s., VI, 107, 1837. Wawrigwick.— Smith (1631), 

 ibid.. Ill, 22, 1833. 



Norsemen. See Srandhiavian influence. 



Norsit. An East Greenland Eskimo vil- 

 lage on an island at the mouth of Ang- 

 magsalik fjord, lat. 65° 33'; pop. 25 in 

 1884.— Meddelelserom Gronland, ix, 379, 

 1889. 



Northern Assiniboin. A division of the 

 Assiniboin as recognized about the mid- 

 dle of the 19th century and earlier. Per- 

 haps the same as the Tschantoga (q. v.), 

 or Gens des Bois of Maximilian, and the 

 Wood Stoneys or Stonies of northern 

 Alberta of the present day, although 

 Denig (1854) says they were so called 

 because they came from the n. in 1839. 

 In Denig's time they numbered 60 lodges 

 under Le Robe de Vent. 



Assiniboels of the North. — .lefferys, Am. Atlas, 

 map 8, 1776. Assiniboins of the North. — Jefferys, 

 French Dom. Am., pt. 1, map, 1761. Gens du 

 Nord. — Hayden, Ethnog. and Philol. Mo. Val., 

 387, 1862. Northern People. — Denig quoted bv 

 Dorsey in 16th Rep. B. A. E., 223, 1897. To- 

 kum'-pi. — Hayden, op. cit. Wah-ze-ahwe-chas-ta. — 

 Denig, op. cit. WaK'-zi-ah. — Hayden, op. cit. 



Northern Comanche. The name by which 

 the Kwahari,Ditsakana,and Detsanayuka 

 were sometimes designated collectively 

 to distinguish them from the Penateka, 

 who were known as Eastern or Southern 

 C(jmanche. — Moonev in 14th Rep. B. A. 

 E., 1045, 1896. 



North Fork. A village in the Canadian 

 district of the Creek Nation, Ind. T., in 

 1858 (Smith in Ind. Aff. Rep., 149, 1858). 

 The name doubtless refers to the n. fork 

 of Canadian r. 



North Herndon. A Netchilirmiut Es- 

 kimo village at Felix harbor, Boothia, 

 Can.— Ross, Second Voy., 249, 1835. 



Norumbega. A name used by explor- 

 ers and cartographers of the 16th and the 

 first half of the 17th century to designate 

 the Penobscot r. in Maine, a fabulous 

 great city upon its banks, and a province 

 or "kingdom," including the adjacent 



New England coast, and sometimes ex- 

 tended in its application to include the 

 whole coast region from Nova Scotia to 

 Virginia. It occurs as Aranbega on the 

 map of Hieronimus Verrazano of 1529, as 

 Auorobagra on a Jomard map of 1543, 

 and as Nurumbega on the Gastaldi map 

 of 1550. With better knowledge of the 

 region the province disappeared and the 

 great city dwindled to a few wigwams at 

 a place called by the Penobscot Indians 

 Agguncia, supposed ((-Godfrey in Me. 

 Hist. Soc. Coll., VII, 1876) to have been 

 about the jiresent site of Brewer, oppo- 

 site Bangor, on Penobscot r.. Me. 



The derivation of the name has been 

 much disputed, but it is generally ad- 

 mitted to be of Indian origin, altltough 

 attempts have been made to give it a 

 Norse meaning. According to Vetromile, 

 the best recent authority on the Abnaki 

 language, the correct Abnaki form is 

 Nolumbeka, meaning 'a succession of 

 falls and still water', used by the In- 

 dians to designate certain parts of Penob- 

 scot r. , and not the river itself. Father 

 Sebastian Rasles, author of the great 

 Abnaki dictionary, gives the form as 

 Aranmbeg8k, 'au fond de I'eau', from 

 aranm, 'au fond'; but which Hewitt 

 thinks means ' at the clay inlet ' . Accord- 

 ing to (iatschet (Nat. Geog. Mag., viii, 23, 

 1897), Penobscot natom6z(// and Passama- 

 quoddy valabegik both refer to the still, 

 quiet {nula-) stretch of a river between 

 two riffles, rapids, or cascades; -begik, for 

 nipegik, means 'at the water.' A manu- 

 script authority quoted by Winsor (Hist. 

 Am., Ill, 184, 1884) gives the Penobscot 

 form as Nah-rah-bS-gek. De Costa, in 

 the same volume, inclines to a European 

 origin for the name, which Beauvois 

 (1880) derives from Norroenbygda, 'Nor- 

 way country', and Horsford (Discov. 

 Anc. City Norumbega, 1890) from Nor- 

 ])ega, an ancient name for Norway, claim- 

 ing also to identify the river as Charles 

 r., Mass., and the town site as at the 

 present Watertown. (j. m. ) 



Aggoncy.— De Costa in Win,sor, Hist. Am., ill, 184, 

 1884. Agguncia.— Hevlin in Me. Hist. Soc. Coll., 

 VII, 99, 1876. Agency.— Thevet (1,^^.56) quoted by 

 Kohl, Discov. of Me., 416, 1869. Arambeck.— Ogilby 

 (1671) in Me. Hist. Soc. Coll.. Vil, 99, 1876. Ar- 

 ampec. — Heylin, ibid., 99. Aranljega. — Map of 

 Hieronimus Verrazano (1.529) noted by Kohl, 

 op. cit., 291. AranmbegSk. — Rasles, Abnaki 

 Diet., 1691. Auorobagra. — Jomard, map (1543), as 

 reproduced by Kohl, op. cit., 351. Nah-rah-be- 

 gek.— Winsor, Hist. Am., iii, 184, 1884. Nolum- 

 beghe. — Ibid. Nolumbeka. — Vetromile, Abnakis, 

 45, 1866. Norambegue.— Jes. Rel. 1611, 2, 1858. 

 Norembega. — Blaeu, map (1642), reproduced by 

 Kohl, op. cit., 315. Norembegua. — Oldmixon, Brit. 

 Empire, ll, 363, 1708. Norembegue.— Champlain 

 (1604), (Euvres, iii, 26, 1870. Norimbegue.— Jef- 

 ferys, Fr. Doms., I, 98, 1761. Norombega.— Mer- 

 cator, map (1669), reproduced bv Kohl, op. cit, 

 384. Norumbega.— Champlain (1605) in Me. Hist. 

 Soc. Coll., vii, 93. 1876; also Hondius map (m. 1590) 

 reproduced bv Kohl, op. cit., 315. Norurabegua, — 

 Heylin in Me. Hist. Soc. Coll., 2d s., i, 99, 1869. 

 Norumbegue,— Champlain (1636), ibid., vii, 253. 



