BULL. ."?0] 



OCANAHOWAN OCCOM 



103 



shorttlistance s. of Nueces r. , Tex. , in 1691, 

 in a ranoheria of Chaguan (Siaguan), Pas- 

 tuhu', Paac, and Quenis Indians. In 1706 

 this tribe was represented at San Francisco 

 Solano mission, near the Rio Grande. 

 About the same time they were entering 

 San Bernardo mission, near by, with the 

 Canuas, Catuxanes, Pazcliales, and Po- 

 muhnnas (Morfi, Viage de Indios, 1777, 

 in Doc. Hist. Mex.,4''s., in, 442). In 

 their gentile state they intermarried with 

 the Zenizos (Baptismal Rec. of INIission 

 Solano, 1706, partida 226, IMS.). For 

 their affiliation, see Terocodame, the lead- 

 ing tribe of the locality of the Mission So- 

 lano, with whom the Ocana were associ- 

 ated.- An Ocana was baptized in 1728 at 

 San Antonio de Valero mission, the suc- 

 cessor of San Francisco Solano (ibid., 

 1728, partida 230). (h. e. b. ) 



Ocanes. — Rivera, Diario, leg. 2763, 1736. 



Ocanahowan. A village where Span- 

 iards are said to havebeen in 1611 ; situated 

 five days' journey s. of Jamestown, Va. 

 Perhaps identical with Occaneechi, q. v. 

 Ocanahowan.— Smith (1629), Va., ir, 11, repr. 1819. 

 Ochanahoen. — Straehey {ru. 1612), Va., 26, 1849. 



Ocatameneton ( ' village of the gens who 

 dwell at the foot of the lake ' ). An un- 

 identified eastern Dakota band. 



Ocatameneton.— Le Sneur (1700) in Margry, D6c., 

 VI, 86, 18S6. Ouatemanetons. — Neill, Hist. Minn., 

 170, 18.=i8. 



Occaneechi. A small tribe of the eastern 

 Siouan group formerly residing in s. Vir- 

 ginia and n. North Carolina. Their history 

 is closely interwoven with that of the Sa- 

 poni and Tutelo, and there is historical 

 evidence that their language was similar. 

 Thefirstknownnoticeof the Occaneechi is 

 that of Lederer, who visited them in 1670. 

 They then dwelt on the middle and larg- 

 est island in Roanoke r., just below the 

 confluence of the Staunton and the Dan, 

 near the site of Clarksville, ^lecklenburg 

 CO. , Va. Their fields were on the n. bank 

 of the river, where they raised large crops 

 of corn, having always on hand as a re- 

 serve a year's supply. Between the date 

 of this visit and 1676 they were joined by 

 the Saponi and Tutelo, who settled on two 

 neighboring islands. In 1676 the Cones- 

 toga sought shelter with them from the 

 attacks of the Iroquois and English. They 

 were hospitably received, but soon at- 

 tempted to dispossess their benefactors, 

 and, after a battle, were driven out. Be- 

 ing harassed by the Virginians and Iro- 

 quois, they left their island and fled s. 

 into Carolina. In 1701 Lawson found 

 them in a village on Eno r., about the 

 present Hillsboro, Orange co. , N. C. They 

 combined later with the ' Saponi, Tu- 

 telo, and others. They were cultivators 

 of the soil and traders. We are assured 

 by Beverley that their dialect was the 

 common language of trade and also of 

 religion over a considerable region. They 

 divided the vear into the five seasons of 



Vjudding or blos.soming, ripening, mid- 

 summer, harvest, and winter. They 

 were governed by two chiefs, one pre- 

 siding in war, tlie other having charge 

 of their hunting and agriculture. Cere- 

 monial feasting was an important feature 

 of their social life. Their tribal totem 

 was a serpent. Consult Moonev, Siouan 

 Tribes of the East, Bull. B. A.E., 1894. 

 See I'atshenin. (j. m. ) 



Acconeechy.— Map (1711) in Winsor, Hist. Am.,v, 

 346,1887. Achonechy.— Lawson (1701), Hist. Car., 

 96,1860. Aconeche.— Moll, map, 104, 1720. Acone- 

 chos. — Lawson (1701 ), Hist. Car., 384, 1860. Aconee- 

 chy.— MortierandCovuns, EtatsUnis.Amer. maps, 

 II, map 177. Aconichi.— Alcedo, Die. Geog., i, 19, 

 1786. Acoonedy. — Vaugondy, map, 1755(misprint). 

 Akenatzie. — Lederer quoted by Hale in Proe. Am. 

 Philos. Soc, XXI, 10, Mar. 1S83. Akenatzy.— Led- 

 erer, Discov. (1669-70), 17, repr. 1879. Ako- 

 nichi, — Lotter, map, ca. 1770. Botshenins.— Hale 

 in Proc. Am. Philos. Soc, xxi, 10, 1883, Oca- 

 meches. — Drake, Abor. Kace, 13, 1880. Occaane- 

 chy.— Byrd (1728), Hist. Dividing Line, l, 187, 

 1866. Occaneches. — Ibid. Occaneeches. — Beverley, 

 Hist. Va., bk. 3, 24, 1705. Occoneachey.— Fry and 

 Jefferson (175.5) in Jefferys, Am. Atlas, map21, 1776. 

 Ochineeches, — Spotswood (1702) quoted by Hale 

 in Proc. Am. Philos. Soc, xxi, 10, 1883. Ockina- 

 gees. — Doc of 1676 in Ma.ss. Hist. Soc. Coll., 4th s., 

 IX, 187, 1871. Okenechee.— Batts (1671) in N. Y. 

 Doc. Col. Hist., ui, 193, 18,53; same in Am. 

 Anthrop., IX, 46, 1907. Oscameches. — Domenech, 

 Deserts N. Am., I, 442, 1860. Patshenins,— Hale 

 in Proc. Am. Philos. Soc, xxi, 10, 1883. 



Occom, Samson. A Christian convert, 

 called "the pious Mohegan," born in 

 1723. Converted to Christianity under 

 the influence of Rev. E. Wheelock in 

 1741, he received in the family of that 

 minister a good education, learning to 

 speak and to write English and obtaining 

 some knowledge of Latin and Greek, 

 and even of Hebrew. Owing to ill 

 health he did not complete the collegiate 

 instruction intended for him. He was 

 successively a school teacher in New Lon- 

 don, Conn. (1748); preacher to the In- 

 dians of Long id. for some ten years; 

 agent in England (1766-67) for Mr 

 Wheelock's newly established school, 

 where he preached with great acceptance 

 and success; minister of the Brotherton 

 Indians, as those Mahican were called 

 who removed to the Oneida country in the 

 stateof New York (1786). Onhisdeathat 

 New Stockbridge, N. Y., in 1792, Occom 

 was greatly lamented. He is said to 

 have been an interesting and eloquent 

 speaker, and wdiile in England delivered 

 some 300 sermons. A funeral sermon on 

 Moses Paul, a Mahican executed for mur- 

 der in 1771, has been preserved in printed 

 form. Occom was the author of the hymn 

 beginning "Awaked by Sinai's Awful 

 Sound," and of another, "Now the Shades 

 of Night are Gone," which gave Bishop 

 Huntington delight that the thought of 

 an Indian was made part of the worship 

 of the Episcopal Church; but it was 

 omitted from the present hymnal. It 

 was through his success in raising funds in 

 England that Mr Wheelock's school was 

 transferred from Lebanon, Conn., to New 



