BULL. 30] 



OSAGE ORANaE OSQUAGE 



159 



an individual reserve granted to Rich- 

 ardville, the Miami chief. 

 Osaga.— Hough, map in Indiana Geol. Rep., 1882 

 (misprint). Osage town.— Rovce, map in 1st Rep. 

 B. A. E., 1881. Osage village'.— Treaty of 1838 in 

 U. S. Ind. Treat., .i08, l.s73. 



Osage orange. The bois d'arc ( Toxylon 

 poniifennti), native in the Osage mts. ; 

 from the ethnic term fhage, ajiplied in 

 particular to a people of Siouan stock. 

 The wood was commonl)' used by western 

 tribes for making bows, hence the French 

 name. Cf. Ozark. (a. f. c. ) 



Osamekin. See Massasoit. 



Osanalgi {Omn-algi, ' otter people ') . A 

 Creek clan.— Gatschet, Creek Migr. Leg., 

 I, 155, 1884. 



Osass {CJ'sasx, 'muskrat'). A sub- 

 phratrv or gens of the Menominee. — Hoff- 

 man in 14th Rep. B. A. E.,42, 1896. 



Oscalui. A former town of the Cones- 

 toga, probably situated near the mouth of 

 Sugar cr., on the right bank of Susque- 

 hanna r., in Bradford co.. Pa. 



Ogehage.— Hendrickson's map (1616) in N. Y. 

 Doc". Co). Hist., I, ],s5(;. Oscalui.— Jour. Mil. Ex- 

 ped. Gen. Sullivan, 1779, 124, 1887. 



Osceola (also spelled Oseola, Asseola, As- 

 seheholar, properly Asi-i/aholo, 'Black- 

 drink halloer,' from asi, the 'black drink' 

 (q. v.), yaholo, the long drawn-out cry 

 sung by the attendant while each man 

 in turn is drinking). A noted Seminole 

 leader to whom the name Powell was 

 sometimes applied from the fact that 

 after the death of his father his mother 

 married a white man of that name. 

 He was born on Tallapoosa r., in 

 the Creek country, aV>out 1803 His 

 paternal grandfather was a Scotchman, 

 and it is ,«aid the Caucasian strain was 

 noticeable in his featuresand complexion. 

 He was not a chief by descent, nor, so 

 far as is known, by formal election, but 

 took his place as leader and acknowledged 

 chieftain by reason of his abilities as a 

 warrior and commander during the mem- 

 orable struggle of his people with the 

 United States in the Seminole war of 1835. 

 Secreting the women, children, and old 

 men of his tribe in the depths of a great 

 swam]*, where the white troops were for 

 along time unable to find them, Osceola 

 turned his energy to the work of harass- 

 ing the Government forces. Maj. Dade 

 and his detachment, the first to attack 

 him, were cut off, only two or three 

 wounded men escaping. Beginning with 

 Gen. Gaines, one after another oflicer 

 was ])laced in charge of the army sent 

 again.st this intrepid warrior and his fol- 

 lowers. These were successively l)atHed, 

 owing largely to the phy.sical difficul- 

 ties to be overcome on account of the 

 nature of the Seminole country, until Gen. 

 Jesup, maddened by the public cry for 

 more energetic action, seized Osceola and 

 his attendants while holding a confer- 

 ence under a flag of truce — an act con- 



demned as inexcusable treachery by the 

 same public that had urged him on. The 

 loss of freedom, and l)rooding over the 

 manner in which he had been betrayed, 

 broke the spirit of the youthful chief, 

 who died a prisoner in Ft Moultrie, Fla., 

 in Jan. 1838. In physique Osceola was 

 descrit)ed as tall, slender, and straight, 

 with a countenance pleasing, though of 

 somewhat melanclutly cast. See Sketch 

 of the Seminole War, by a Lieutenant, 

 1836; Barr, Narr. In<l. Wars in Fla., 

 1836; McKennev and Hall, Ind. Tribes, 

 1854; Potter, The War in Florida, 1836; 

 pjllis, Indian Wars of the United States, 

 1892. (c. T.) 



OSCEOLA. (after Catlin) 



Oschekkamegawenenewak ( Osliakuml- 

 gau'ttuntivug, ' people of the transverse 

 ridge.' — W. J.). A former Chippewa 

 band in ]\Iinnesota, living in 1753 near 

 Rainy lake. The name is applied also to 

 some Chippewa once living e. of Mille 

 Lac but now at White Earth. 

 Oschekkamega Wenenewak. — Long. Exjicd. .St 

 Peter's R., li, 153, 1824 ("or those of the cross or 

 transverse ridge" ). Osha'kamigawininiwag. — \Vm. 

 Jones, int''n, 1906. 



Oscouarahronon. The Iroquois name of 

 an unidentified but probably Algonquian 

 tril)e s. of St Lawrence r. in the 17th 

 century.— Jes. Rel. 1640, 35, 1858. 



Osetchiwan ('place of the headless'). 

 An ancient Zuni pueblo, now in ruins, 

 situated n. w. of Hawikuh (q. v. ) in w. 

 New Mexico. 



0"'setchiwan. — Gushing, infn, 1891. Osh-a-che- 

 wan. — Fewkes in Jour. Am. Eth. and Arch., I, 

 101, ISOI. O'shetchiwan. — Gushing, op. cit. 



Osguage. A former village of the 

 Mohawk, consisting in 1634, when it was 

 visited by Van Curler, of 9 houses. For 

 a description of these, see Onekagoncka. 



