BULL. 30] 



OTOCARA OTTAWA 



167 



sion, San Francisco, Cal. — Taylor in Cal. 

 Fanner, Oct. 18, 1861. 



Otocara. See Olotaraca. 



Otocomanes. INIentioned with the Aita- 

 comanes as a people occupying a province 

 which had been visited by the Dutch, 

 where gold and silver was abundant. 

 The locality is not given, and the province 

 is probably as imaginary as the expedi- 

 tion in connection with which it is men- 

 tioned. See Freytas, Exped. of Pena- 

 losa (1662), Shea trans., 67, 1882. 



Otontagan. An Ottawa band living be- 

 fore 1680 on Manitoulin id., L. Huron, 

 Ontario, whence they were driven out by 

 the Iroquois. 



Otontagans. — Lahontan, New Voy., I, 93, 1703. 

 Outaouas of Talon. — Ibid. 



Otopali. A village mentioned by Fon- 

 taneda, about 1575 (Memoir, Smith trans., 

 16, 1854) , as reputed to be inland and 

 northward from the coast province of 

 Chicora (q. v.), which was about the pres- 

 ent Charleston, S. C. 



Otowi. An extensive prehistoric puel)lo 

 situated on a mesa about 5 m. w. of the 

 point where the Rio Grande enters "White 

 Rock canyon, between the Rito de los 

 Frijoles and Santa Clara canyon, in the 

 N. E. corner of Sandoval co., N. Mex. 

 The pueblo consisted of a cluster of five 

 houses situated on sloping ground and all 

 except one connected by a wall. Thej' 

 were terraced structures, each house group 

 having from two to four stories, altogether 

 containing al)out450 rooms on the ground 

 floor and probably 700 rooms in all. The 

 settlement was provided with ten subter- 

 ranean circular kivas, all except two de- 

 tached from the walls of the dwellings. 

 A reservoir was placed so as to receive 

 the drainage from the village. Accord- 

 ing to the traditions of certain clans 

 of the present Tewa of San Ildefonso, 

 Otowi was the oldest village occupied by 

 their ancestors. They hold in an indefi- 

 nite way that prior to the building of 

 Otowi their clans occupied small scattered 

 houses on the adjacent mesas, and they 

 claim that, owing to the failure of the 

 mesa water supply, removal to the valley 

 eventually became necessary, a detach- 

 ment of the Otowi people founding Perage 

 on the w. side of the Rio Grande about a 

 mile w. of the present San Ildefonso. 

 Associated with Otowi are numerous cliff- 

 dwellings excavated in the soft volcanic 

 walls of the adjacent canyons. These 

 consist of two types: (1 ) open-front dwell- 

 ings, usually single-chambered, in most 

 cases natural caves enlarged and shaped 

 artificially; (2) wholly artificial dwell- 

 ings with closed fronts of the natural rock 

 in situ, usually multi-chambered, with 

 floors, always plastered, below the level 

 of the entrances; crude fireplaces beside 

 the doorway; rooms conmionly rectan- 

 gular and well-shaped. FrDm about i m. 



to 1 m. above Otowi is a cluster of conical 

 formations of white tufa, some .30 ft high; 

 they are full of caves, both natural and 

 artificial, some of which have been util- 

 ized as habitations. See Hewett (1) in 

 Am. Anthrop., vi, 641, 1904; (2) Bull. 32, 

 B. A. E., 1906. 



Otreouati. See Grangula. 



Otshpetl. The second Chilula village on 

 Redwood cr., n. w. Cal. 

 Ot-teh-petl. — Gibbs in Schoolcraft, Ind. Tribes, 

 III, 139, 1^53 (Yurok name). 



Otsinoghiyata ('The Sinew'). An old 

 and prominent Onondaga chief, com- 

 monly called The Bunt, a man of strong 

 yet genial character. Ziesberger first 

 mentioned him, in 1752, as the principal 

 chief, living in the upper town. He was 

 called Ozinoghiyata in the Albany treaty 

 of 1754, and was mentioned almost yearly 

 afterward. In 1762 he was called chief 

 sachem of Onondaga, and was at the Pon- 

 tiac council at Oswego in 1 766. He signed 

 the Fort Stanwix treaty in Oct. 1768, and 

 was at conferences at German Flats in 

 1770 and Onondaga in 1775. In 1774 he 

 retired from the chieftaincy on account of 

 his advanced age, and was succeeded by 

 Onagogare. (w. m. b. ) 



Otsiqnette, Peter. An Oneida chief who 

 signed the treaty of 1788. He was a well 

 educated man and had visited Lafayette 

 in France, but returned to savage life. 

 He was a member of the delegation of 

 chiefs to Philadelphia in 1792, where he 

 died and was buried with military honors. 

 He is also called Peter Otzagertand Peter 

 Jaquette. Elkanah Watson described him 

 at the treaty of 1788. Peter Otsiequette, 

 perhaps the same Indian, witnessed the 

 Onondaga treaty of 1790. (w. jr. B.) 



Otskwirakeron ( ' a heap or collection of 

 twigs ' ). A traditional Iroquois town of 

 the Bear clan; so enumerated in the list 

 of towns in the Chant of Welcome of 

 the Condolence Council of the League 

 of the Iroquois. Nothing definite is 

 known of its situation or to what tri])e 

 it belonged. See Hale, Iroq. Book of 

 Rites, 120, 1883. (.t. n. b. h.) 



Ottachugh, A village of the Powhatan 

 confederacy in 1608, on the n. bank of 

 Rappahannock r., in Lancaster co., Va. — 

 Smith (1629),Va., i, map, repr. 1819. 



Ottawa ( from ci da nr, ' to trade ' , ' to buy 

 and sell,' a term common to the Cree, 

 Algonkin, Nipissing, Montagnais, Ottawa, 

 and Chippewa, and applied to the Ottawa 

 because in early traditional times and 

 also during the historic period they 

 were noted among their neighbors as 

 intertril)al traders and barterers, dealing 

 chiefly in corn-meal, sunflower oil, furs 

 and skins, rugs or mats, tobacco, and 

 medicinal roots and herbs). 



On French r., near its mouth, on Geor- 

 gian bay, Champlain in 1615 met 300 

 men of a tribe which, he said, "we call 



