232 



PERFORATING IMPLEMENTS PERIODICALS 



Lb. a. e. 



from continued contact with the hand 

 resting on the perforated stone in wield- 

 ing a digging stick on which it served as 

 a weight. The fact that this wear occurs 

 always on the side cf the smaller open- 

 ing seems to indicate that the stones were 

 slipped down on a shaft until arrested by 

 an enlargement, enough of the shaft re- 

 maining above for a hand-hold. That 

 most of these stones served in this man- 

 ner as weights for digging sticks may be 

 regarded as practically demonstrated. 

 The smaller, toy-like specimens were 

 probably employed by children or were 

 made especially for burial with the dead. 

 It is noted that the periphery of some of 

 the discoidal forms shows traces of rough 

 usage, such as would result from employ- 

 ment as hammers, but this may be the 

 result of usage not originally intended. 



Consult Henshaw, Perforated Stones, 

 Bull. 2, B. A. E., 1887; Meredith in Moore- 

 head's Prehist. Impls., 1900; Powers in 

 Cont. N. A. Ethnol., iii, 1877; Putnam in 

 Eep. Surv. West 100th Merid., vii, 1879; 

 Rau in Smithson. Cont., xxii, 1876; 

 Schumacher in 11th Rep. Peabody Mus., 

 1878; Yates in Moorehead's Prehist. 

 Impls., 1900. (w. H. H.) 



Perforating implements. See Awls, 

 Drills and Drilling. 



Perignak, A Sidarumiut Eskimo vil- 

 lage on Seahorse ids., near Pt Belcher, 

 Alaska (11th Census, Alaska, 162, 1893). 

 Cf. Pernyu. 



Perigua. A former Papago village s. of 

 the Rio (lila, in s. Arizona; pop. 400 in 

 1863. 



Del Pirique.— Bailey in Ind. AfF. Rep., 208, 1858. 

 Perigua. — Browne, Apache Country, 291, 1869. 

 Periqua,— Poston in Ind. Aff. Rep. 1863, 385, 1864. 

 Pirigua, — Taylor in Cal. Farmer, June 19, 1863. 



Perinimo. A former Papago village, 

 probably in Pima co., s. Ariz., having 46 

 families in 1865. 



Perinimo.— David.son in Ind. .\ff. Rep., 135, 1865. 

 Pisanomo.— Bailey, ibid., 208, 1858. 



Periodicals. The first periodical printed 

 in any of the North American Indian 

 languages was the Cherokee Fhceni.r, a 

 weekly newspaper in English and Chero- 

 kee, edited by P'lias Boudinot ( q. v. ) , a na- 

 tive Indian, and published in Georgia at 

 New Echota, the capital of the Cherokee 

 Nation, from Feb. 21, 1828, to Oct. 1835. 

 A religious magazine printed entirely in 

 Cherokee, called the Cherokee Messenger, 

 edited by Evan Jones and J. Bushyhead, 

 was issued in twelve numbers from the 

 Baptist Mission Press at Park Hill, Ind. 

 T., between Aug. 1844, and May 1846; 

 and a new series under the same title, 

 edited by J. Buttrick Jones, appeared in 

 1858, but was soon discontinued. On 

 Sept. 26, 1844, the first number of the 

 Cherokee Adrocate was published at Tahle- 

 qiiah, Ind. T. This was a weekly news- 

 paper, published every Saturday morning, 

 half in English and half in Cherokee. 



The first series was discontinued in Sept. 

 1853. A new series was begun in 18/0, 

 and a third series in 1876. Of it, Mooney 

 (19th Rep. B. A. E., Ill, 1900) says: " It 

 is still continued under the auspices of 

 the Nation, printed in both languages 

 and distributed free at the expense of the 

 Nation to those unable to read English — 

 an example without parallel in any other 

 government." The Cherokee Ahnanac was 

 an annual publication for many years. 



The first number of a small semi- 

 monthly or monthly newspaper in the 

 Shawnee language, called Shau-wau- 

 7iowe Kesatdh'wau (Shawnee Sun), was 

 published from the Shawnee Baptist 

 Mission Press, Ind. T., on Mar. 1, 1835, 

 and was continued under the editorship 

 of Johnston Lykins until 1839, when it 

 was discontinued. This was the first 

 newspaper printed entirely in an Indian 

 language. In the Seneca language the 

 Rev. Asher Wright edited a small maga- 

 zine called Xe Jaguhnigongesgvuthah, or 

 The Mental Elerator, of which were 

 printed at the Buffalo Creek and Catta- 

 raugus reservations in New York from 

 Nov. 30, 1S41, to Apr. 15, 1850, nineteen 

 numbers in all. 



The fourth Indian language to have a 

 newspaper of its own was the Dakota. 

 In Nov. 1850, the first number of Dakota 

 Tawaxitku Kin, or the Dakota Friend, 

 was published in Santee Dakota and Eng- 

 lish, edited by G. H. Pond, and printed 

 at St Paul, Minn. The paper was issued 

 monthly until Aug. 1852. Another news- 

 paper, called lapi Oaye {Tlie Word-Car- 

 rier), in Santee and Yankton Dakota, 

 was started in May 1871, and has been 

 continued monthly under successive edi- 

 tors at Greenwood, S. Dak., and at the 

 Santee agency, Nebr., the present (1907) 

 editor being Rev. A. L. Riggs. In Jan.* 

 1878, the Niobrara Mission issued tiie first 

 numberof a monthly paper called Anpao, 

 The Dag Break, which was printed mostly 

 in Yankton Dakota, and was continued 

 afterward at Madison, S. Dak., under the 

 title Anpao Kin, The Daybreak. The 

 Catholic mission at Fort Totten, N. Dak., 

 also jyublishes a monthly paper in the 

 Santee Dakota, entitled Sina Sapa Wo- 

 rekiye TaeyanpaJia, the first number of 

 which was issued in Feb. 1892, with the 

 Rev. Jerome Hunt, of the Benedictine 

 order, as editor. It is now (1907) in its 

 eleventh volume. 



The earliest periodical for the Chip- 

 pewa Indians was entitled Petaubvn, Peep 

 of Dag, published monthly at Sarnia, 

 Ont., by the Rev. Thomas Hurl hurt, 

 beginning in Jan. 1861. It was in Eng- 

 lish and Chippewa, and was continued 

 through 1862 or later. The Pipe of Peace, 

 a Chippewa newspaper, edited by the 

 Rev. E. F. Wilson in English and Chip- 

 pewa, was published monthly at the 



