242 



PIBA PICTOGRAPHS 



[b. a. e. 



(niy«nMt=phratry). Pieb.— Fewkes, ibid., vi, 367, 

 1893. 



Piba. The Tobacco clan of the Hopi. 

 Pi'ba.— Steplien in 8th Rep. B. A. E., 39, 1891. Piba 

 wiiiwii.— Fewke.s in 19th Rep. B. A. E., 583, 1900 

 (winwi(=cia,n). Pib-wun-wii. — Fewkes in Am. 

 Anthrop., vii, 405, 1894. Pip.— Voth, Oraibi Sum- 

 mer Snake Ceremony, 282, 1903. Piva.— Dorsey 

 and Voth, Oraibi Soyal, 12, 1901. 



Picachos (Span.: 'peaks'). ATepehuane 

 pueblo in Jalisco, Mexico. — Orozco y 

 Berra, Geog., 281, 1864. 



Pichikwe {Pi-chi lire, ' parrot people ') . 

 A clan of the pueblo of Zuni, N. Max. ; also 

 called Mulakwe, 'Macaw people.' — Gush- 

 ing in 13th Rep. B. A. E., 368, 1896. 



Pickaway anise. An herbalist's name, 

 of Ohio origin, for Ptelea trifoliata. For 

 the name, see Piqua. (w. r. g. ) 



Pickawillanee. A village on Miami r., 

 at the site of the present Piqua, Miami 

 CO., Ohio, destroyed about 1750. It was 

 occupied by the Miami, who were driven 

 out in 1763 by the tribes adhering to the 

 English interest. The site was afterward 

 occupied by the Shawnee as Piqua Town 

 (q. v.). The Picts, mentioned about 

 that time as a western tribe, are located 

 on old maps in this vicinity. (.i. m. ) 



Pickawillanees.— Carver, Trav., map, 1778. Picka- 

 willany. — Esnauts and Rapilly Map, 1777. 

 Picts.— Stobo (1754) quoted by Rupp., W. Penn., 

 app., 295, 1846. Tawixt-wi.- La Tour Map, 1784 

 (for Twightwee, a name for the Miami). 



Picks. Digging implements of the pick 

 type were in very general use among the 



ESKIMO ROOT PICK OF BONE. (nELSOn) 



aborigines, and native examples are still 

 found among tribes most remote from the 

 influence of the whites. Usually these 

 implements are made of wood, bone, or 

 shell, points of antler and walrus tusks 

 being especially adapted for the purpose. 

 They may well be regarded as in a meas- 

 ure filling the functions of the pick, the 

 hoe, the spade, and, for that matter, the 

 plow of civilized peoples. Stone picks 

 were in somewhat common use in many 

 sections, and numerous examples are 

 preserved in our museums. It appears, 

 however, that their employment was 

 confined largely to mining and quarrying 

 operations where the substances dealt 

 with were too compact to be successfully 

 managed with tools of less durable kind. 

 These stone picks are often rude in shape 

 and are not always readily distinguished 

 from ruder forms of the ax, adz, chisel, 

 and gouge, which served at times, no 

 doubt, a somewhat similar range of func- 

 tions. The simplest forms were unmodi- 



Paint Quar- 

 ry Pick; 

 Missouri. 



Steatite Quarr 



fied fragments of stone of convenient 

 shape, used in the hand or rudely hafted. 

 The most primitive artificial forms were 

 suitable pieces of stone slightly altered 

 by chipping, pecking, and 

 grinding, to make them more 

 effective. 



The most important class of 

 stone picks are such as were used 

 in getting out soapstone and 

 rough-shaping the utensils 

 made from it, and in working 

 quarries of mica and iron ox- 

 ides. These quarry implements 

 are of different degrees of elab- 

 oration, ranging from the frag- )i^Ny^' 

 ment or bowlder brought to 

 a point by a few blows of the hammer- 

 stone to neatly shaped forms flaked or 

 pecked and ground over the entire sur- 

 face. Many are 

 chisel-like and 

 have flat edges, 

 instead of points, 

 and symmetric 

 blades, though 

 often rough at the 

 upper end as if in- 

 tended to be in- 

 serted in a socket. 

 (See Stonework.) 

 These could with 

 equal propriety be classed with chisels or 

 even with adzes. In the soapstone quar- 

 ries are found also many examples of celts, 

 gouges, and 

 grooved axes 

 adapted by vari- 

 ous kinds and 

 degrees of re- 

 modeling to the 

 work of extract- 

 ing masses of the 

 stone used in 

 blocking out the 

 vessels. 



(W. H. II.) 



Picolata. A 

 former town, 

 probably Semi- 

 nole, on the E. 

 bank of St Johns 

 r., w. of St Au- 

 gustine, Fla.— H. R. Doc. 78, 25th Cong., 

 2d sess., map, 768-69, 1838. 



Picquemyan. An Algonquian tribe liv- 

 ing on lower St Lawrence r., Canada, in 

 1534.— Cartier (1536), Bref R^cit, 40, 

 1866. 



Pic River. A Chippewa settlement at 

 the month of Pic r., on the n. shore of L. 

 Superior, Ontario, occupied in 1884 by 245 

 and in 1906 by 210 Indians. 



Pictographs. Pictography may be de- 

 fined as that form of thought-writing 

 which seeks to convey ideas by means of 

 picture-signs or marks more or less sug- 



Steatite Quarry Pick; Ma 



