248 



PIERRISH PIGUIQUE 



[b. a. e. 



tion is general, and their use must have 

 extended at one time or another to most 

 of the tribes e. of the plains, and well 

 northward into Canada. They average 

 only a few inches in length, but the largest 

 are as much as 14 in. long. See Prob- 

 lematical objects. 



Consult Ab- 

 bott, (1) Prim. 

 Indus., 1881, (2) 

 in S m i t h s o n . 

 Rep. 1875, 1876; 

 Fowke, ( 1 ) Ar- 

 chseol. Hist. Ohio, 

 1902, (2) in 13th 

 Rep. B. A. E., 

 1896; Jones, Antiq. So. Inds., 1873; Mer- 

 cer, Lenape Stone, 1885; Moorehead, Pre- 

 hist. Impls., 1900; Rau (1) in Smithson. 

 Rep. 1872, 1873, (2) in Smithson. Cont. 

 Knowl., XXII, 1876; Read and Whittlesey 

 in Ohio Centennial Rep., 1877; Squier and 

 Davis, Ancient Monuments, Smithson. 

 Cont., I, 1848; Thruston, Antiq. of Tenn., 

 1897; Ward in Bull. Wis. Nat. Hist. Soc, 

 IV, 1906. (w. H. H.) 



Pierrish. A former Potawatomi vil- 

 lage, commonly known as Pierrish's Vil- 

 lage, on the N. bank of Eel r., just above 

 Laketon, Wabash co., Ind. It took its 

 name from a resident French half-breed 

 interpreter, Pierrish Constant, known to 

 the Miami as Pahtash, 'Miring Down' 

 (J. P. Dunn, inf'n, 1907). 

 Pierishe's Village.— Royet; in 18th Rep. B. A. E., 

 ludianamap, 1899. 



Pierruiats {Pi-er-ru-i-ats). One of the 

 tribes known under the collective term 

 Gosiutes, living at Deep cr., s. w. Utah, in 

 1873.— Powell and Ingalls in Ind. Aff. 

 Rep. 1873, 51, 1874. 



Pieskaret. The Algonkin name, often 

 written Piskaret, of a noted Algonkin 

 (Adirondack) chief, who lived on the 

 N. bank of the St Lawrence, below Mon- 

 treal, Canada, in the first half of the 17th 

 century. According to Schoolcraft (W. 

 Scenes and Remin., 87, 1853) the dialec- 

 tic form in his own tribe was Bisconace 

 ('Little Blaze'). Although he became 

 noted by reason of his daring, compara- 

 tively few incidents of his life have been 

 recorded. Charlevoix (New France, ii, 

 181, 1866) says he was "one of the 

 bravest men ever seen in Canada, and 

 almost incredible stories are told of his 

 prowess." His most noted exploit oc- 

 curred during an excursion into the Iro- 

 quois country with but four followers, 

 well armed with guns, w^hen they en- 

 countered on Sorel r., in five boats, a 

 band of 50 Iroquois, most of whom they 

 killed or captured. On another occasion 

 Pieskaret ventured alone within the Iro- 

 quois domain, and coming to one of their 

 villages, by secreting himself during the 

 day succeeded in killing and scalping the 



members of a household each night for 

 three successive nights. He was ulti- 

 mately brought under the influence of 

 Catholic missionaries and in 1641 was 

 baptized under the name Simon, after 

 which he was commonly known among 

 the whites as Simon Pieskaret. After his 

 acceptance of Christianity so much con- 

 fidence was placed in his prudence and 

 ability that he was commissioned to main- 

 tain peace between the French and the In- 

 dians, as well as between the Huronsand 

 Algonkin ; he was authorized to punish de- 

 linquents, ' ' and especially those who com- 

 mitted any fault against religion. It 

 is wonderful how he discharged his 

 office." (Jes. Rel. 1647, xxxi, 287, 1898. ) 

 He was present and made a speech at 

 the conference between the French gov- 

 ernor and the Iroquois and other tribes 

 at Three Rivers, Canada, in 1645. Two 

 years later, while a large body of Iroquois 

 were going on a pretended visit to the 

 governor, some of their scouts met Pies- 

 karet near Nicolet r., and treacherously 

 killed him while off his guard, (c. t.) 



Pigeon Town. One of the former vil- 

 lages of the Mequachake or Spitotha di- 

 vision of the Shawnee, situated on Mad 

 r., 3 m. N. w. of West Liberty, Logan co., 

 Ohio. This and the others were de- 

 stroyed by Gen. Benj. Logan in 1786. 

 See Howe, Hist. Coll. Ohio, ii, 98, 1896; 

 Rovce in 18th Rep. B. A. E., Ohio map, 

 1899. 



Figment plates. See Notched plates. 



Pigments. See Dyes and Pigments. 



Pigmies. See Popular fallacies. 



Piguique. A tribe or subtribe, men- 

 tioned by Fray Bartholom^ Garcia (1760), 

 under the name of Pihuiques, as one 

 whose young people understood the lan- 

 guage of his Manual, i. e. Coahuiltecan. 

 They lived near the Texas coast, between 

 Nueces and San Antonio rs., and were 

 closely related to the Pamaques, of which 

 tribe they seem sometimes to have been 

 regarded as a subdivision. Garcia's state- 

 ment suggests a recent attachment of the 

 Piguique to the Pamaque. In 1766 part 

 of them were reported as living on the 

 Isla de Culebras with the Copane and 

 Karankawa tribes. This fact, taken with 

 Garcia's statement, might indicate that 

 they were of Karankawan stock, but had 

 recently mingled much with the Coahuil- 

 tecans and had learned their language. 

 Previous to 1766 the Piguique had suf- 

 fered greatly from measles and smallpox 

 ( Diligencias Practicadas por Diego Orttiz 

 Parrilla, 1766, MS. ). Their history, so far 

 as it is known, is the same as that of 

 the Pamaque (q. v.), unless the Pigui- 

 canes are the same. Some of the Pigui- 

 canes entered Espiritu Santo de Zuniga 

 mission, which does not seena to be true 



