268 



VO POBLAZON 



[b. a. e. 



unusual natural shapes. According to 

 Dr Wm. Jones the Chippewa regard 

 these objects with deep veneration. The 

 ancient name of the plummet type was 

 mdjdbdwasin, 'a stone {-asin) of human 

 attributes (-dbd-) that casta a spell 

 (moj-).' Its present name is sh'ingdbd- 

 wasin, stone of human attributes lying at 

 rest {sJdng-). A'ts/.s-, 'sun,' was applied 

 to a circular disk; and tibi'ki k'lsis, 'night 

 sun or moon,' to a crescent perforated at 

 the horns. These three types — plummet, 

 circular, and crescent — went under the 

 general name of ubawdndgqnqn, 'dream 

 objects.' The phrase tibiki kisis wdba- 

 wdnqgqnit means ' one who (wearing the 

 crescent as a necklace) dreams of the 

 moon,' literally, 'one who wears the 

 moon dream object (for his necklace).' 



These objects are found in large num- 

 bers in the mounds of Florida, and Moore 

 has illustrated numerous specimens in his 

 works. The range of form is apparently 

 greater here than in any other section of 

 the country, each of the several materials 

 used havinggiven rise to peculiar features, 

 although the elongated plummet and 

 spindle shapes prevail. Suspension was 

 apparently effected by passing a knotted 

 cord through the center of a bit of hide, 

 with the knot underneath, and then fold- 

 ing the margins of the hide down over 

 the head of the plummet, where it was 

 fastened by means of a groove cord. As- 

 phaltum was used in completing the work. 

 The occurrence of a number of these 

 plummets of diversified shapes about the 

 waist of a skeleton in a mound seems to 

 indicate that they had been attached to 

 the girdle. A cache of 12 or more speci- 

 mens of exceptional beauty of form and 

 finish — one carved to represent a duck's 

 head — was obtained by Moore from a 

 mound in Brevard co., Fla. Gushing de- 

 scribes specimens which bear evidence 

 of having been suspended by means of 

 filaments attached to the groove band and 

 brought together in a knot above. 



In the mound region of the Mississippi 

 valley plummets are mostly of stone and 

 hematite ore (Squier and Davis, Fowke, 

 Moorehead ) . They are rare in the Pueblo 

 region, but many are found in California, 

 and much attention has been given to 

 their study (Abbott, Henshaw, Meredith, 

 Putnam, Yates). From the dry bed of a 

 small lake in Sonoma co., drained for 

 agricultural purposes in 1870, many hun- 

 dreds of these objects were collected, in- 

 dicating their use either as sinkers for 

 fishing lines or nets or as offerings to the 

 spirits of the water, the keepers of the 

 fish. Perhaps the stones themselves 

 were believed to possess magical power 

 over the finny tribes. It is a noteworthy 

 fact that a number of these objects appear 

 among the collections obtained from sup- 



posedly very ancient auriferous gravel 

 deposits in California. 



Closely allied to the plummets is a 

 unique group of objects, mostly of slate, 

 resembling half-plummets. The small 

 head, tapering body, and spike-like base 

 or tail suggest somewhat the form of the 

 common lizard; but the analogy is rather 

 closer in many examples with the duck- 

 head plummets, which have one flat side. 

 Although some are slightly grooved at 

 the top for suspension, the presence of a 

 flat side suggests the possibility that they 

 were attached when in use to the surface 

 of some object, as a tablet, a calumet, or 

 a baton. A few examples of kindred 

 objects have the upper end carved to 

 represent the head of some mammal, as 

 a wolf. 



Consult Abbott, (1) in U. S. G. and G. 

 Surv. West of 100th Merid., vii, 1879, (2) 

 Prim. Indus., 1881; Beauchamp in Bull. 

 N. Y. State Mus.,iv, no. 18, 1897; Gush- 

 ing in Proc. Am. Philos. Soc, xxxv, 1896; 

 Eellsin Smithson. Eep. 1886, 1889; Foster, 

 Prehist. Races, 1878; Fowke, Archaeol. 

 Hist. Ohio, 1902; Henderson in Am. Nat., 

 1872; Henshaw in Am. Jour. Arch?eol., 

 I, no. 2, 1885; Jones, Aborig. Remains of 

 Tenn., 1876; Meredith in Moorehead's 

 Prehist. Impl., 1900; Moore, various 

 papers in Jour. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 

 1894-1905; Moorehead, Prehist. Imp!., 

 1900; Peabody in Bull. Mus. Sci. and Art, 

 Univ. Pa., iir, no. 3, 1901; Putnam in 

 U. S. G. and G. Surv. W. 100th Merid., 

 VII, 1879; Rau, (1) Archjeol. Coll. Nat. 

 Mus., 1876, (2) Prim. Fishing, 1884; 

 Squier and Davis, Aborig. Mon., 1848; 

 Willoughby in Peabody Mus. Papers, i, 

 no. 6, 1898; Wilson in Rep. Nat. Mus. 

 1896, 1898; Yates in Smithson. Rep. 1886, 

 1889. (w. H. H.) 



Po. The Calabash clans of the Tewa 

 pueblos of San Juan, Santa Clara, San 

 Ildefonso, Nambe, and Tesuque, N. Mex. 

 That of Tesuque is extinct. 

 Po-tdoa.— Hodge in Am. Anthrop., ix, 349, 1896 

 (<d6a='people'). 



Po ( F ) . The Water clans of the Tewa 

 pueblos of San Juan and San Ildefonso, 

 N. Mex. 



P'ho.— Bandelier, Delight Makers, 379, 1890. 

 P'ho doa. — Ibid. ((toa=' people'). P'o-tdoa. — 

 Hodge in Am. Anthrop., ix, 352, 1896. 



Poaquesson. See Poquosin. 



Poatsituhtikuteh ( Podt-sit-uh-ti-kut-teh, 

 'clover-eaters'). A Paviotso band for- 

 merly residing on the n. fork of Walker 

 r., w. Nevada. — Powers, Inds. W. Nevada, 

 MS., B. A. E., 1876. 



Poblazon ( ' large town, ' ' a population ' ) . 

 The Spanish name of a ruined pueblo on 

 Rio San Jos6, a tributary of the Puerco, 

 in Valencia co., N. Mex. It may have 

 been Keresan. 



Poblafon.— Emory, Recon., 133, 1848. Poblacon.— 

 Simpson in Smithson. Rep. 1869, 332, 1871. Po- 

 blazon.— Abert in Emory, Recon., 467, 1848. 



