BULL. 30] 



POMOACATT POMPTON 



277 



often fat, with large faces. The women 

 tattoo very slightly, and this chiefly upon 

 the chin. They are noted for their bas- 

 ketry, which in variety of technique and 

 range of patterns is probably unrivaled in 

 North America, while its fineness of finish 

 and elaborateness of decoration, especially 

 with feathers, are remarkable. In their 

 general culture the Porno are similar to 

 such peoples as the Wintun, Maidu, and 

 Yuki. They are essentially unwarlike. 



The Porno were the most southerly 

 stock on the coast not brought under the 

 mission influence of the Franciscans in 

 the 18th and early 19th centuries, their 

 contact with the mission fathers being 

 only very slight and then in the extreme 

 southern part of their territory. How- 

 ever, Franciscan missionaries have more 

 recently been active among them. A 

 few, especially the so-called Little Lakes 

 and Big Lakes, are at present on the 

 Round Valley res., but the majority are 

 living free from governmental control in 

 or near their old homes, supporting them- 

 selves by civilized pursuits, especially 

 farming. Their number at present is 

 about 800. As throughout the greater 

 part of California, true tribes do not exist 

 among the Pomo, their largest political 

 and geographical division Ijeing the village 

 and the surrounding land controlled by 

 it. (s.A. B.) 



The following names are mentioned by 

 Powers as those of divisions and villages 

 of the Pomo. In many instances, how- 

 ever, this writer attached to village names 

 the significanceofthoseof tribal divisions, 

 while in others the names are those used 

 by whites to designate the Indians of a 

 certain village or a certain valley. The 

 names here given represent a very small 

 portion of the number of villages actu- 

 ally inhabited by the Pomo in aboriginal 

 times: Ballokai Pomo, Bidamarek, Boal- 

 kea, Bokea, Buldam, Cahlahtel Pomo, 

 Chamkhai, Chomchadila, Dahnohabe, 

 Danokha, Dapishul, Erio, Erusi, Gallino- 

 mero, Gualala, Haukoma, Hopitsewah, 

 Kaiachim, Kaime, Keliopoma, Khabe- 

 niadolil, Khabenapo, Khana, Khawina, 

 Khoalek, Khwakhamaiu, Koi, Komacho, 

 Kulanapo, Laguna, Lema, Makhelchel, 

 Makoma, Masut, Mayi, Mitomkai Pomo, 

 Moiya, Musalakun, Napobatin, Salan 

 Pomo, Shiegho, Shigom, Shodakhai Pomo, 

 Shokhowa, Shutaunomanok, Tabahtea, 

 Tyuga, Ubakhea, Venaambakaia, Wenok, 

 Yapiam, Yokaia Pomo. 



As elsewhere in California, villages and 

 larger groups are difficult to distinguish, 

 and true tribes do not exist. The pre- 

 ceding list is therefore not only incom- 

 plete, but unsystematic. For further 

 information consult Barrett, Ethno-ge- 

 ography of the Pomo and Neighboring 

 Indians, Univ. Cal. Pub. in Am. Arch- 

 seol. and Ethnol., vi, no. 1, 1908. 



Nokonmi. — A. L. Kroeber.inf'n, 1903 (Yuki name). 

 Pomo. — Powers in Cont. N. A. Ethnol., in, 146, 

 1877. 



Pomoacan. See Half-King. 



Pomoj oua. One of two pueblos, formerly 

 occupied by the Pecos tribe, near San An- 

 tonio del Pueblo, 3 m. s. e. of San Miguel, 

 San Miguel co., N. central N. Mex. 

 Pom-o Jo-ua. — Bandelier in Arch. Inst. Papers, iv, 

 129, 130, 1892. 



Pomouic. An Algonquian tribe, living 

 in 1585 on the coast of North Carolina. 

 They were seated on Pamlico r., w. of 

 the Secotan, in what is now Beaufort co. 

 Their principal village, named Pananaioc 

 on W hite' s map, seems to have 1 )een about 

 Pungo r. Amadas said of them: "Ad- 

 joyning to Secotan beginneth the country 

 Pomouik, belonging to the King called 

 Piamacum, in the Country Nusiok [Neu- 

 siok] upon the great river Neus. These 

 have mortall warres with Wingina, King 

 of Wingandacoa. Betwixt Piemacum and 

 the Lord of Secotan a peace was concluded; 

 notwithstanding there is a mortall malice 

 in the Secotans, because this Piemacum 

 invited divers men and 30 women to a 

 feast, and when they were altogether 

 merry before their Idoll, which is but a 

 meere illusion of the Devill, they sudainly 

 slew all the men of Secotan and kept the 

 women for their use" (Smith, 1629, Va., i, 

 85, repr. 1819). In later times the same 

 region was occupied by the Pamlico, and 

 it is not improbable that the two names 

 refer to the same jieojile. 



Pamauuaioc. — De Bry, map, in Hawks, N. C, I, 

 18n9. Pananaioc— Smith (1629), Va., I, maj), repr. 

 1819. Pananarocks.— Martin, N. C, 1, 14, 1829 (mis- 

 print). Panannojock. — Dutch map (1(521) in N. Y. 

 Doc. Cnl. Hist., I, 1856. Pananuaioc— Hakluyt 

 (1600\ Vov., Ill, 306, repr. 1810. Pomonick.— Mar- 

 tin, isr. C"., I, 12, 1829 (misprint). Pomouik.— 

 Amadas and Barlow {ea. 1585) in Smith (1629), 

 Va., I, 85, repr. 1819. 



Pomperaug ('place of offering,' refer- 

 ring to an ancient stone-heap " on which 

 each member of the tribe, as he passed 

 that way, dropped a small stone." — 

 Trumbull) . A village near Woodbury, 

 Conn., in 1704, and the name of the tract 

 on both sides of Pomperaug r., a branch 

 of the Housatonic, bought by the first 

 planters of Woodbury in 1673 (Trum- 

 bull, Ind. Names Conn., 53, 1881). The 

 inhabitants were allied with those at 

 Scaticook, in Litchfield co. 



Pomparague. — Trumbull, Conn., I, 83, 1818. Pom- 

 peraug. — Ibid., 325. 



Pompton. A Munsee band formerly re- 

 siding on Pompton r., in N. New Jersey. 

 They are first mentioned in a deed of 

 1695. Memerescum was their chief in 

 1710. In 1758, when they joined in the 

 treaty of Easton, they were residing at 

 Otsiningo under Seneca protection. In 

 that treaty they are called also Waping 

 or Oping, signifying "eastern," probably 

 either from their former position on the 

 eastern Munsee frontier or perhaps from 

 their having incorporated some remnants 



