BULL. 30] 



POOSE-BACK POPE 



281 



s. w. by w. from Concha, and so seems 

 to have been in the s. w. corner of Kemper 

 CO., Mii^s., though possibly in Neshoba co. 

 Pooscoos te Kale. — Romans, Florida, 311, 1775. 

 Rooskoos Tokali — Ibid., map. 



Poose-back. A word reported as used 

 in w. Connecticut to designate the Indian 

 woman's manner of carrying a child on 

 the back (Babbitt, Dial. Notes, 342, 189-1) ; 

 from pappoose. The second component is 

 the English back. (a. p. c.) 



Poosepatuck. Also called Uncachogue. 

 Oneof the 13 tribesof LongIsland,N. Y., 

 probably subordinate to the Montauk. 

 They occupied the s. shore from Patch- 

 ogue E. to the Shinnecock country. In 

 1666 a reservation was ceded to their 



POOSEPATUCK WOMAN. 



SPECK, PHOTO. 



sachem, Tubaccus, on Forge r., a short 

 distance above the town of Mastic, where 

 a few mixed-bloods still survive, with no 

 kn(jwledge of their language or customs, 

 on a state reservation of 50 acres. Eliza- 

 beth Joe, their woman sachem and last 

 chief, died in 1832. In 1890 they num- 

 bered 10 families, governed by 3 trustees. 

 See Pati'Iioaij. (f. g. s. ) 



• Pooshapukanuk. A former Choctaw set- 

 tlement, including Mt Dexter, probably 

 in INIarion co.. Miss. It was the scene 

 of the treaty of Nov. 16, 1805. — Am. State 

 Papers, Ind. Aff., i, 749, 1832. 



Pope ( Po-pe ) . A celebrated Te wa medi- 

 cine-man, native of thepuebloof San Juan, 

 who firstappoars in New Mexico history in 

 1675 as a leader either of some prisoners 

 charged with witchcraft, and with killing 

 several missionaries, or of a party that 

 visited the Spanish governor at Santa Fe 

 in that year demanding their release. 

 Later making Taos the seat of his efforts, 

 he quietly preached the doctrine of in- 



dependence of Spanish authority and the 

 restoration of the old Pueblo life, which 

 developed into a plot to murder or drive 

 from the country the 2,400 Spanish colo- 

 nists and priests. Chief among Pope's 

 adherents were Catiti of Santo Domingo, 

 Tupatu of Picuris, and Jaca of Taos. 

 The plot quickly sjiread among the 

 Pueblos, meeting with enthusiasm as it 

 went. Aug. 13, 1680, was the day set 

 for the onslaught, and the news was 

 communicated by runners, even to the 

 far-off Hopi in Arizona, by means of a 

 knotted string; but for some reason the 

 Piros of the lower Rio Grande were not 

 invited to join in the massacre. Every 

 precaution was taken to keep from the 

 Si^aniards all news of the proposed re- 

 volt; no woman was permitted to know 

 of it, and, because suspected of treachery, 

 Pope put his own brother-in-law to 

 death. Nevertheless the news leaked 

 out, and Pope's only hope of success was 

 to strike at once. The blow came on 

 Aug. 10. Four hundred Spanish colonists, 

 including 21 priests, were murdered, and 

 Santa Fe was besieged, its thousand in- 

 habitants taking refuge with Gov. Anto- 

 nio de Otermin in the official buildings. 

 Here they remained until the 20th, when 

 a sortie made by 100 of the men resulted 

 in the rout of the Indians, 200 being killed 

 and 47 captured and hanged in the plaza 

 of the town. The following day the Span- 

 iards abandoned Santa Fe and began 

 their long retreat down the Rio Grande 

 to El Paso. 



Having accomplished this much, Pope 

 set about to realize the rest of his dream. 

 Those who had been baptized as Chris- 

 tians were washed with yucca suds; the 

 Spanish language and all baptismal names 

 were prohibited; where not already con- 

 sumed by the burning of the churches, 

 all Christian objects were destroyed, and 

 everything done to restore the old order 

 of things. This project of obliterating 

 everything Spanish from the life and 

 thought of the Indians met with the 

 same enthusiasm as that with which the 

 plan of revolt had been received, and for 

 a time Pope, dressed in ceremonial garb 

 as he went from pueblo to pueblo, was 

 everywhere received with honor. His 

 success, however, had been more than he 

 could stand. Assuming the role of a 

 despot, he put to death those who re- 

 fused to obey his commands, and took 

 the most beautiful women for himself 

 and his captains. Then the old enemies 

 of the Pueblos intervened — drought, and 

 the Apache and Ute, who took advantage 

 of the absence of the Spaniards to resume 

 their forays. Internal dissension also 

 arose. The Keresan tribes and the Taos 

 and Pecos people fought against the Tewa 

 and Tanos, and the latter deposed Pope on 

 account of his lordly demands, electing 



