BCLL. 30] 



PTANSINTA — PIJ ARAY 



SIS 



the Indians a marked tendency to inter- 

 associate the sociological, religious, and 

 artistic aspects of their lives to such a 

 degreethat they can scarcely be unraveled. 

 This has sometimes been taken as one of 

 the most characteristic aspects of Indian 

 modes of thought. The claim is made, 

 however, that such conventions of 

 thought can not in themselves be taken as 

 indications of functional differences be- 

 tween the minds (as such) of Indians and 

 other races; since, on a prion grounds, 

 what has become conventional or habitual 

 for one may in turn become conventional 

 for another. This theory, that all cultural 

 differences are in no wise due to i)sycho- 

 logical differences, but to causes entirely 

 external, or outside of the conscious life, 

 places the inherent worth of a Pigmy, an 

 Indian, a Mongol, and a European upon 

 the same level, and considers culture as 

 the sum of habits into which the various 

 groups of mankind have fallen. While 

 strong arguments in support of this inter- 

 pretation of culture are offered by many 

 anthropologists, together with plausible 

 rea.sons for doubting the existence of 

 fundamental psychological differences in 

 function, so far nothing has been brought 

 forward to render doubtful the existence 

 of psychological differences between races 

 analogous to those between individuals 

 among ourselves. Modern psychological 

 science is gradually solving the puzzle as 

 to the kind and degree of individual psy- 

 chological differences, and it is reasonable 

 to suppose that, when these investigations 

 have made more progress, the same meth- 

 ods may be successfully adapted to the 

 comparison of tril)al and other ethnic 

 divisions of humankind. 



In conclusion, it appears that we have 

 no satisfactory knowledge of the elemental 

 psychological activities among Indians, 

 because they have not been made the sub- 

 jects of research by trained psychologists. 

 On the other hand, it may be said that in 

 all the larger aspects of mental life they 

 are qualitatively similar to other races. 



Consult Bruner, Hearing of Primitive 

 Peoples, 1908; Reports of the Caml)ridge 

 Anthropol. p]xped. to Torres Straits, ii, 

 1901-03; Bache, Reaction Time with 

 Reference to Race, Psychol. Rev., ii, 475, 

 1895; Farrand, Basis of American His- 

 tory, 1904; Boas, Human Faculty as De- 

 termined by Race, Proc. Am. Ass'n Adv. 

 Sci., 1894; Hrdlicka in Bull. 34, B. A. E., 

 1908. (c. w.) 



Ptansinta ( 'otter tail' ; Iromptan 'otter', 

 sinte ' tail ' ) . A former village of the San- 

 tee Sioux at the head of L. Traverse, 

 Minn. — Williamson in Minn. Geol. Rep. 

 for 1884, 110, 1885, 



Pteyuteshni ('eat no buffalo cows'). 

 A band of the Hunkpatina division of the 

 Yanktonai Sioux. 



Band that eats no buffalo. — Cnlbertson in Smith- 

 Son. Rejv. l.S.=iO, 141, 1.S61. Pte-yute-cni.— Dorsev 

 in 15th Rup. B. A. E., 218, 1897. Pte-yute-sni.— Ibid. 



Ptolme. A tribe once mentioned ( Hen- 

 ley in Ind. Aff. Rep., 511, 1854) as living 

 on Kings r. , Cal. 1 1 was probably Yokuts 

 (Mariposan). 



Pualnacatup. A Chumashan village on 

 one of the Santa Barbara ids. , Cal . , proba- 

 bly Santa Rosa, in 1542.^ — Cabrillo, Narr. 

 (1542), inSmith,Colec.Doc.Fla., 186,1857. 



Puaray ('village of the worm'). A 

 former pueblo of the Tigua, the ruins of 

 which have been identified by Bandelier 

 as those on a gravelly bluff overlooking 

 the Rio Grande in front of the s. por- 

 tion of the town of Bernalillo, N. Mex. 

 At the time of Coronado's expedition 

 (1540-42) it was the princi])al settlement 

 of the province of Tiguex, and was known 

 to the chroniclers of the expedition by 

 the name of the province. It was one of 

 the two pueblos in which the Tigua took 

 refuge and fortified themselves against 

 the Spaniards during a siege of 50 days 

 (see Tiyud), and was the seat of the mis- 

 sionary labors of two of the Franciscan 

 friars escorted to New Mexico in 1581 by 

 Francisco Sanchez Chamuscado, but who 

 were killed shoi'tiy afterward. The iden- 

 tification of Puaray with the Tiguex vil- 

 lage of the Tiguex province of the chron- 

 iclers of Coronado's expedition is deter- 

 mined by statements made by the Indians 

 to Espejo in 1583, and by the discovery 

 there by Onate, in 1598, of a jiartially 

 effaced painting representing the murder 

 of the missionaries. It was the seat of the 

 mission of San Bartolome, and had 200 

 inhaljitants at the time of the Pueblo 

 revolt of 1680; but the pueblo was de- 

 stroyed before 1711, and was never re- 

 built, (f. w. h.) 



Coofer.— Mota-ParliHa (1742), Hist. NuevaGalicia, 

 160, 1870 (ff. Bancroft, Ariz, and N. Mex., 65, 1889). 

 Coofert. — Ibid., 1G5. Paola. — Espejo misquoted by 

 Whipple, Pup. R. R. Rep., lu, pt. 3, 114, 185ti. 

 Paray. — Jefferys, Am. Atlas, map 5, 1776. Pauray. — 

 Bowle-s, Map Am., 1784. Poala.— Espejo (1583) in 

 Hakluyt, Voy., in, 468, 1600. Poalas.— Bancroft, 

 Ariz, aiid N. Mex., 135, 18S9. Pruara.—Ladd, Story 

 of N. Me.x.,79, 1891. Puala.— Espejo (15S3) in Doc. 

 In(5d., XV, 175, 1871. Puala.— Onate (1.598), Ibid., 

 XVI, 208, 1871. Pualas.— Espejo (1583), ibid., xv, 

 112, 1871. Puara. — P'spejo quoted by Baneroft, 

 Ariz, and N. Mex., 135, 18.89. Puarai.— Villagran, 

 Hist. NuevaMe.x., 137, 1610. Puaray.— Onate (1598) 

 in Doc. Ined,, xvi, 109, 115,1871. Puary.— Doc. of 

 1681 quoted by Bandelier in Arch. Inst. Papers, 

 IV, 169, 1892. Puray.— Vetancurt (1696) in Teatro 

 Mex., Ill, 312,1871 ("el nombre Puray quieredccir 

 gusanos, que es un genero de que abumia acjuei 

 lugar"). Puruai. — Salmeron (1029) quoted by 

 Bancroft, Nat. Races, i, 600, 1882. Puruay.— Ban- 

 croft, Ariz, and N. Mex., 172, 1889. San Barto- 

 lome.— Vetancurt (1696) in Teatro ISIcx., in, 312, 

 1871 (mission name). Sant Antonio de Padua. — 

 Ofiate (1598) in Doc. InM., xvi, 254, 1871 (first 

 saint name applied). Tehoua. — Schoolcraft, Ind. 

 Tribes, iv, 40, 1851. Tigouex.— Coronado mis- 

 quoted by Schoolcraft, Ind. Tribes, iv, 26, ls.54. 

 Tigouex-on-the-rock.— Ibid., 28. Tiguex. — Castane- 

 da (1696) in 14th Rep. B. A. E., 497, 1896. Village 

 of the Worm or Insect.— Bandelier in Arch. Inst. 

 Papery, iv,226, 1892 (Puur-ay, or). 



