316 



PUEBLITO — PUEBLO COLORADO 



[b. a. e. 



Pueblito. An Acoma summer villaoce 

 about 15 m. n. of the pueblo of Acoma, 

 Valencia co., N. Mex. 



Titsiap.— Hodge, field notes, B. A. E., 1895 (native 

 name). 



Pueblo Alto (Span.: 'high village'). 

 Two pueblo ruins, about 500 ft apart, 

 but both belonging to a single ancient 

 village, situated on the top of the mesa n. 

 of Chaco canyon, n. ^y. N. Mex., about ^ 

 m. N. of Pueblo Bonito. The main 

 building is rectangular in form, facing s., 

 the court inclosed by the usual semi- 

 circular double wall which was really a 

 series of one-story aj^artments. The n. 

 wall is 360 ft long, the wings 200 and 

 170 ft, respectively. The rooms are 

 from 15 to 20 ft long and 8 to 12 ft 

 wide. The walls are almost entirely 

 thrown down. The smaller building is 

 about 75 ft square and much better pre- 

 served, some second-story walls being 

 still intact. This building contains some 

 of the best plain masonry to be found in 

 the Chaco Canyon group. There is a 

 large circular kiva in the small building 

 and traces of 7 in the large one. A 

 quarter of a mile e. of the ruins is a wall 

 extending n. and s. 1,986 ft. Other walls 

 extend toward this from the main build- 

 ing but do not connect with it. Pueblo 

 Alto is reached from the canyon by a 

 tortuous stairway through a narrow 

 crevice just back of Pueblo Bonito. See 

 Jackson in 10th Eep. Hayden Surv., 

 1878. (e. l. h.) 



Ki-a-a. — Lunimis in Land of Sunshine, xv, 426, 

 1901. 



Pueblo Blanco (Span.: 'white village'). 

 A ruined jiueblo of the Tano on the s. 

 border of the Galisteo plain, n. central 

 New Mexico. — Bandelier in Arch. Inst. 

 Papers, iv, 116, 1892. 



Pueblo Blanco. A former pueblo, pre- 

 sumably of the Piros, on the w. rim of the 

 Medano, or great sand-flow, e. of the Rio 

 Grande, about lat. 34° 30^ New Mexico. 

 It was probably inhabited in historic 

 times. — Bandelier in Arch. Inst. Papers, 

 IV, 278, 281, 1892. 



Pueblo Bonito (Span.: 'beautiful vil- 

 lage') . The central and most important 

 ruin of the Chaco Canyon group in n. w. 

 New Mexico. The building, which stands 

 within 70 ft of the n. wall of the canyon, 

 is of dark brown sandstone, semielliptical 

 in form. Its length e. and w. is 667 ft, 

 greatest depth n. and s. 315 ft. It was 

 originally 5 stories high, there being por- 

 tions of the fifth-story wall still standing. 

 The greatest height of standing wall at 

 present is 48 ft, 39 ft being above the 

 detritus; proljably half of the original 

 walls remain standing. The rooms are 

 mostly rectangular, but there are many 

 of irregular form, semicircular, trapezoi- 

 dal, elliptical, triangular, etc., owing to 



the subsequent addition of rooms to the 

 original structure, several such additions 

 and remodelings being evident. In fact, 

 no unit of original plan is discernible, and 

 additions seem to have been made within, 

 without, and upward as needed. The 

 masonry of Pueblo Bonito ranges from 

 plain rubble to what appears to be orna- 

 mental mosaic in jjlaces. Every type of 

 masonry known to Pueblo architecture is 

 found in this building, and not fewer 

 than 27 circular kivas, varying from 10 

 to 50 ft in diameter, have been uncov- 

 ered in it. The kiva is in every instance 

 a circular room built within a square or 

 rectangular one, the space between the 

 walls being filled with earth and ma- 

 sonry. In some cases the interior of the 

 kivas is of fine tablet masonry, alternat- 

 ing with bands of larger blocks, giving an 

 ornamental finish. The fireplaces are of 

 the most primitive character. The tim- 

 bering is exceptionally heavy, logs 40 ft 

 in length and 18 in. in diameter having 

 been found. The doorways vary from 

 24 by 36 to 30 by 50 in.; the lintels are 

 straight, smooth poles about 3 in. in di- 

 ameter; windows vary from 6 by 12 to 

 12 by 16 in. Extensive excavations have 

 been made in Pueblo Bonito by the Hyde 

 Exploring Expedition; the collections 

 found are now in the American Museum 

 of Natural History, New York. 



Consult Simpson, Exped. to Navajo 

 Countrv, 80, 1850; Hardacre in Scribner's 

 Mag., 276, Dec. 1878; Jackson in 10th 

 Rep. Hayden Surv., 1878; Pepper (1) in 

 Am. Anthrop., vii, no. 2, 1905, (2) in 

 Putnam Anniv. Vol., 1909. (e. l. h.) 



Pueblo Caja del Rio. A very ancient 

 pueblo on a rocky bluff 3 m. n. e. of Co- 

 chiti, in the so-called Caja del Rio, so 

 named from the "boxing" of the canyon 

 of the Rio Grande here, in Sandoval co., 

 N. Mex. Concerning it Bandelier ( Arch. 

 Inst. Papers, iv, 80, 1892) says: "Whether 

 the Tehuas [Tewa], the Tanos, or some 

 other unknown tribe were the builders 

 of it I am unable to say. The people of 

 Cochiti disclaimed all knowledge of its 

 former occupants. The amount of arable 

 land in the vicinity is sufficient; for the 

 population, as I estimate it, could not 

 have exceeded 400." 



China Ka-na Tze-shu-ma. — Bandelier, op. cit., 80 

 (' theold houses on the river': Cochiti name.) Ti- 

 tji Han-at Kama Tze-shu-ma.— Ibid, ('the old 

 houses in the north': another Cochiti name). 



Pueblo Colorado (Span.: 'red village'). 

 A ruined pueblo of the Tano on the s. 

 border of the Galisteo plain, n. central 

 New Mexico.— Bandelier in Arch. Inst. 

 Papers, iv, 116, 1892. 



Pueblo Colorado. A former pueblo, pre- 

 sumably, of the Piro on the w. rim of the 

 Medano, or great sand-flow, e. of the Rio 

 Grande, about lat. 34° 30^ New Mexico. 

 It was probably inhabited in historic 



