324 



PUEBLOS PUERTA DE SAN JOSE 



[b. a. b. 



ernment; but all affairs of a religious or 

 ceremonial nature are controlled by the 

 priesthood. 



Population. — The statistics of popula- 

 tion of the Pueblo tribes are not satisfac- 

 tory, owing +.0 the unreliability of some 

 of the estimates, especially in the earliest 

 period of Spanish exploration, due in 

 part to the desire to exaggerate the Indian 

 population in order to attract greater at- 

 tention to the country from Spain and 

 Mexico. The table on the opposite page, 

 compiled from various sources, gives the 

 population of the various Pueblos from 

 1630 to the present time. In some in- 

 stances the figures are approximate esti- 

 mates only, and may be regarded as little 

 more than broad guesses; at other times 

 the count was evidently closely made. 



As will be seen, the table does not in- 

 clude the Piro and Tigua pueblos of the 

 lower Rio Grande in Texas and Chihua- 

 hua, nor the Hopi (q. v.) of Arizona. 

 In 1725 the total jjopulation was given at 

 9,747; in 1749, 11,942; in 1793, 7,455, and 

 in 1794, 9,495. These figures include the 

 lower Eio Grande villages. In 1885 the 

 Indians of 19 pueblos of New Mexico, 

 including Zuni, were reported to number 

 7,762. In 1887 the population of all the 

 New Mexican pueblos was given as 8,357. 

 From these figures it is evident that the 

 Pueblo population has varied little dur- 

 ing the last two centuries. 



Following is a list of pueblos, now ex- 

 tinct or Mexicanized, which are as yet 

 either unidentified or unclassified: Aca- 

 cagua, Acoti ("birthplace of Montezu- 

 ma"), Atica, Aychini, Baguacat, Casa 

 Blanca, Casa del Eco, Casa Grande, Casa 

 Montezuma, Castildavid, Ohettrokettle, 

 Chichilticalli, Cristone, Hungopavi, Kin- 

 nazinde, Kintyel, Nogales, Pagmi, Pa- 

 guemi, Pefiasco Blanco, Pequen, Pobla- 

 zon, Pueblo Alto, Pueblo Bonito, Pueblo 

 del Arroyo, Pueblo de los Silos, Pueblo 

 Pintado, "Pueblo Viejo, San Rafael de los 

 Gentiles, Sargarria, Siemas, Triati, Una 

 Vida, Urraca, Vini, Wejegi, Xutis, Ynca- 

 opi, Ytriza. For pueblos classified by 

 tribes, see Hopi, Jemez, Keresan, Piro, 

 Tano, Teiva, Tigua, Zuni. (f. w. h.) 

 Bidalpahenko.— Mooney, inf'n, 1893 ('beardless 

 people': Kiowa ancient name). Catholic Indi- 

 ans.— Gregg, Commerce of Prairies, i, 122. 1844 

 (Pueblos,or). Chialan.— Curtis, Am. Ind., i, 136, 

 1907 ('have burros': Jicarilla Apache name). 

 Christian Indians. — Calhoun (1849) in Cala. Mess, 

 and Corresp. , "207, 1850. Cow Nation. — Cabeza de 

 Vaca cited by Wallace in Atlantic Mo., 217, Aug-. 

 1880 (misapplied by Wallace to all the Pueblos). 

 Ho-pi'-ci-nu-me. — ten Kate, Synonymic, 7, 1884 

 (Hopi name). Hopishinome. — ten Kate, Reizen 

 in N. Am., 259, 1885 ('good people': Hopi name). 

 Indies Manzos.— Ruxton in Nouv. Ann. des 

 Vov. ,5th s., XXI, 80, 1850 (or Pueblos). Kis'an- 

 dinne.— Gatschet, Navaho MS., B. A. E., 1887 

 (Navaho name). Kisani. — Stephen, MS., B. A. E. 

 (Navaho name). Ki-^a'n-ne— fen Kate, Synon- 

 ymic, 6, 1884 ('many houses': Navaho name; 

 i=zh, e=e mute of Latin). Eoksawopalim. — 



Curtis, Am. Ind., ii, 110, 1908 ('tie their hair 

 back': Pima name). Mexicans. — Haines, Am. 

 Ind., 160, 1888 ("All the Pueblo Indians are called 

 Mexicans, who make the striped blanket"). 

 Myalaname.— Hodgo, field-notes, B. A. E., 1895 

 (Taos name). Parblos.— Gallatin in Trans. Am. 

 Eth. Soc, II, Ixx, l.'-^48. Pau'-e-rats'.— ten Kate, 

 Synonymic, 8, 1884 (Ute name). Pobalo.— 

 Mooncy, inf'n, 1893 (Kiowa pronunciation of 

 "Puebio"). Purblos.— Garrard, Wahtoyah, 131, 

 1850. Purbulo.— Coyner, Lost Trappers, 171, 1847. 

 Sedentary Village Indians. — .Morgan in 1st Rep. 

 Arch. Inst. Am., 43, ISSO. Ta'-ide.— Gatschet, 

 Isleta MS., B. A. E., 1882 (Isleta name for one 

 Pueblo Indian). Tainin. — Ibid. (Isleta name 

 for the Pueblos). Tai'-wa. — ten Kate, Synony- 

 mic, 9, 18.S4 ('little men': Comanche name). 

 Thluella'kwe.— ten Kate, Reizen in N. Am., 291, 

 1885 (Zuni name). T'lu-el-la'-kwe. — ten Kate, 

 Synonymic, 7, 1884 ('people of the towns': Zuni 

 name). Town Builders.— Wallace, Land of the 

 Pueblos, '240, 1888 (Pueblo, or). Town-building 

 Indians.— Ibid., 236. Town Indians. — Wallace in 

 Atlantic Mo., 216, Aug. 1880. Towns-people.— 

 Bancroft, Nat. Races, l, .526, 1882. Tu Tluni.— 

 Curtis, Am. Ind., I, 134, 1907 ('much water': 

 Apache name for Pueblos of the Rio Grande), 

 Village Indians.— Morgan in N. Am. Rev., 463, 

 Apr. 1869. 



Pueblo Viejo (Span.: 'old village'). 

 The name given to that portion of Gila 

 Valley from Pima to San Jose, between 

 Mt Graham and the Bonitamts., s. Ariz., 

 on account of the ruins of prehistoric 

 habitations there. The name was earlier 

 applied to an important ruin (see Buena 

 Msta) and later to the settlement of San 

 Jose near its site. See Fewkes (1) in 

 Am. Anthr., xi, June 1898; (2) 22d 

 Rep. B. A. E., 168, 172, 1904. 



Pueblo Viejo. A village of mixed Te- 

 pehuane and Aztec population, in the n. 

 part of the Territory of Tepic, Mexico. 

 Although Spanish is here largely used, 

 outsiders are not permitted to settle in 

 the village. Only the old people speak 

 Nahuatl correctly; the Tepehuane influ- 

 ence is strong, even in the ancient religion 

 of the people. — Lumholtz, Unknown 

 Mex., I, 473, 1902. 



Puerta Chiquita (Span.: 'little port or 

 gateway'). A rancheria of 18 Mission 

 Indians on Gov. Gage's ranch, San Diego 

 CO., Cal. By act of Congress of May 27, 

 1902, these and others on Warner's ranch 

 were removed in 1903 to a new reservation 

 purchased for them at Pala. They are 

 probably Diegueiio or Luiseno. 



Puerta de la Cruz (Span.: 'gateway of 

 the cross'). A former Dieguefio ranch- 

 eria on upper San Luis Rey r., San Diego 

 CO., s. Cal., later on Agua Caliente res. 

 No. 1, occupied by Warner's ranch. By 

 court decision the 14 survivors were 

 compelled to vacate, and, under act of 

 Congress of May 27, 1902, were assigned 

 a new tract purchased for them at Pala 

 in 1903.— Ind. Aff. Rep., 175, 1902; 118, 

 1903. 



Puerta de San Jos^ (Span.: 'gateway of 

 St Joseph'). A former Dieguefio ranch- 

 eria on upi:>er San Luis Rey r., San Diego 

 CO., Cal. — Jackson and Kinney, Rep. 

 Miss. Ind., 20, 1883. 



