BULL. 30] 



QUARAS QUARTZITE 



337 



ment. Between 1664 and 1669 the peo- 

 ple of this pueblo connived with the 

 Apache, during a moment of friendliness 

 of the latter, to rout the Spaniards, but the 

 plot was discovered and the leader exe- 

 cuted. About 1674 the Apache compelled 

 the Quarai people to flee to Tajique, 12 m. 

 northward. The latter village remained 

 inhabited probably a year longer, when 

 its occupants were also forced to succumb 

 to the persistent hostility of the Apache, 

 and to flee to El Paso, Texas, being after- 

 ward settled in the village of Isleta del 

 Sur, farther down the Rio Grande, where 

 their descendants, almost completely 

 Mexicanized, now reside. Consult Ban- 

 delier in Arch. Inst. Papers, iv, 258, 261 

 et seq., 1892; Lummis, Land of Poco 

 Tiempo, 1893. ^f. w. h.) 



Coarac— Salas (ICiS) quoted by Bandelier in 

 Arch. Inst. Papers, iv, 261, 1892. Cuarac— Liana 

 (CO. 1631) quoted by Vetancurt, Menolog. Fran., 

 240, 1871. Cuarai.— Lummis in Scribner's Mo., 470, 

 Apr. 1893. Cuaray. — Bandelier in Arch. Inst. 

 Bull., I, 31, 18S3. Cuaray.— Bandelier in Arch. 

 Inst. Papers, iii, 129, 1890. Cuarra.— Ibid., iv, 261, 

 1892. Cuarry. — Bandelier quoted in Arch. Inst. 

 Rep., V, 50, 1884. Cuerrb.— Moise in Kans. City 

 Rev., 480, Dec. 1881. Cuza.— Onate (1598) in 

 Doc. Ined., xvi, 113, 1871 (apparently identical 

 with his CuzayA). Cu-za-ya. — Onate, ibid., 118 

 (believed bv Bandelier, Arch. Inst. Papers, IV, 

 113, 258, 1892, to be possibly Quarai). la Con- 

 cepcion de Quarac. — Vetancurt (1693), Cronica, ill, 

 324, 1871. N. D. de ftuerca.— Vaugondy, Map 

 Amerique, 1778. Gouarra.— Gallatin in Nouv. Ann. 

 Voy., 5th s., xxvii, 298, 1851. ftuara. — Liana 

 (1759) quoted by Bandelier in Arch. Inst. Papers, 

 IV, 259, 1892. Quarac— Bandelier in Arch. Inst. 

 Papers, i, 24, 1881. Quarra.— Abert in Emory, 

 Recon., 487, 1848. Quarro.— Loew (1875) in 

 Wheeler Survey Rep., vii, 340, 1879. Querra.— 

 Cozzens, Marvelous Country, 268, 1873. Q,uo- 

 uarra. — Gallatin in Nouv. Ann. Voy., -Sth s., xxvii, 

 288, 1851. 



Quaras. An Indian village on the ' ' first 

 cane river" 3 days' journey e. of Mata- 

 gorda bay, Texas; visited by La Salle in 

 Jan. 1688. This territory was occupied 

 by the Karankawa. 



Kouaras.— Gravier (1688) in Shea, Early Voy., 34, 

 1861. Quaras. — Shea, ibid. 



Quarries. See Mines and Quarries. 



Quartelejo. An outpost mentioned in 

 Spanish documents of the 17th and 18th 

 centuries as situated on the buffalo plains, 

 N. E. of New Mexico, at which dwelt a band 

 of Jicarilla Apache. A part of the Taos 

 Indians of New Mexico emigrated there 

 in the middle of the 17th century, but 

 were later brought back; and in 1704 the 

 Picuris Indians fled there on account of 

 some superstition, remaining two years. 

 In 1900 Williston and Martin excavated 

 a typical pueblo ruin in Beaver cr. val- 

 ley, Scott CO., Kans., which may have 

 been the site of the Quartelejo. The 

 band of Jicarillas formerly settled in 

 this neighborhood were usually called 

 Apaches de Quartelejo, or de Cuartelejo. 

 See Bandelier in Arch. Inst. Papers, iii, 

 181, 212, 1890; iv, pt. 2, 138, 1892; v, 181- 

 185, 1890; Williston and Martin in Kans. 



Hist. Soc. Coll., VI, 1900; Hodge in Am. 

 Anthr., II, 778, 1900. (f. w. ii.) 



Cuartelejos.— Mota-Padilla, Hist, de la Conq., 516, 

 1742. ftuarteleio.— MS. of 1713 quoted by Bande- 

 lier in Arch. Inst. Papers, v, 182, 1890. ftuarte- 

 lexo.— MS. of 1720, ibid., 183. Santo Domingo.— 

 Bancroft, Ariz, and N. Mex., 229, 1889 (saint name 

 applied in 1706). 



Quartz. A widely distributed mineral, 

 very generally white or whitish in color, 

 and having a glassy fracture. It is the 

 hardest of the common minerals, is in- 

 fusible under the blowpipe, and resists 

 all acids except hydroliuoric. It was in 

 very general use by the aborigines. 

 Quartz crystals — transparent, smoky, 

 amethystine, etc. — were sometimes em- 

 ployed unmodified as ornaments, or as 

 fetishes and charms, and the larger crys- 

 tals were utilized in some sections in the 

 manufacture of arrowheads, knives, and 

 ornaments. White vein quartz occurs 

 very generally along the Appalachian 

 highland, where it was obtained from 

 outcropping veins or from the surface, 

 where weathered out and broken into 

 fragments. Pebbles and bowlders, which 

 occur plentifully in river and shore de- 

 posits, were also much used. Choice 

 pieces were in somewhat rare cases em- 

 ployed in the manufacture of polished 

 objects, as bannerstones, plummets, 

 chunkey disks, etc., in which the beauty 

 of the stone was an important considera- 

 tion. Popularly, white quartz is often 

 erroneously called flint. See Flint, Chal- 

 cedony, Quartzite. (w. h. h.) 



ftuartzite. A metamorphosed sandstone 

 in which, although often quite glassy, 

 the granular structure is still traceable. 

 Its appearance is usually described as 

 saccharoidal — that is, resembling sugar 

 in its crystallized state. Its color varies 

 greatly, brownish and purplish gray 

 varieties prevailing. It occurs in massive 

 strata in many parts of the country, and 

 on account of its great hardness and 

 toughness is a prominent constituent of 

 river, beach, and glacial gravels and 

 bowlder beds. It was extensively em- 

 ployed by the native tribes of the N., 

 as it is sufficiently brittle to be flaked into 

 desired* implement forms and j'et very 

 generally so tough and heavy as to be 

 used for sledges, hammers, axes, picks, 

 chisels, chunkey disks, etc. In the sub- 

 urbs of W^ashington, D. C, there are ex- 

 tensive ancient quarries where Cretaceous 

 bowlder beds made up chiefly of this 

 material were worked by the prehistoric 

 aborigines, the product of the flaking 

 shops which surround the quarries being 

 principally a leaf-shaped blade suited for 

 specializing into knives, spear and arrow 

 points, drills, and scrapers (Holmes in 

 15th Rep. B. A. E., 1897). In Converse 

 CO., Wyo., there are extensive quarries 

 where massive outcrops of Cretaceous 



3456— Bull. 30, pt 2—07- 



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