BULL. 30] 



RAPPAHANNOCK RATTLES 



355 



preserved as a place name in Essex co., 

 Va See Am. Anthr.. vi, 315, 320-29, 

 1904; VII, 238, 1905.— Gerard). A tribe 

 of the Powhatan confederacy formerly 

 living on Rappahannock r. in Richmond 

 CO., Va. In 1608 thev numbered about 

 400. 



Rapahanna —Percy in Piirc-has, Pilgrimes, iv, 

 1687, 1626. Rapahanocks.— Smith (1629), Va.,l,74, 

 repr. 1819. Rappahanoc. — Writer of 1676 in Mass. 

 Hist. Soc. Coll. 4tli s,, IX, 162,1871. 



Rappahannock. The principal village of 

 the Rappahannock, situated at the mouth 

 of a creek, on Rappahannock r. It was 

 extinct in 1722. 

 Toppahanock.— Straohey (ca. 1612), Va., 37, 18-19. 



Eaquette. See Ball play, Gaines. 



Rararachi {Ila-ra'-ra-cki, 'bought'). A 

 small rancheria of the Taraliumare, near 

 Norogachic, Chihuahua, Mexico. Also 

 called Ranirachic, but mainly by the 

 Mexicans. — Lumholtz, inf'n, 1894. 



Rarenaw. See Roanoke. 



Raritan (a corruption, by the Dutch of 

 New Jersey, of erdriiiritan, or by aphere- 

 sis, 'rdrtiiritan, 'the stream overflows so 

 (or in such a way)'. The form Raritang 

 represents the participle 'raruwitank, 'the 

 stream which overflows so (or in such a 

 way)'. Owing to the frequent inunda- 

 tion of the land by the overflow of the 

 river due to freshets, the Indians inhaljit- 

 ing its banks were, according to Van 

 Tienhoven, compelled to remove farther 

 inland. — Gerard). A former important 

 division of the New Jersey Delaware?, 

 occupying the valley of Raritan r. and the 

 left bank of Delaware r. as far down as the 

 falls at Trenton, vihere they seem to 

 have had an important settlement (see 

 Assunpink). They are frequently men- 

 tioned as a confederacy, and one writer 

 says they had "two sachemdoms and 

 about 20 chieftaincies." They were esti- 

 mated at 1,200 warriors about 1646, but 

 this is doubtless a gross exaggeration. 

 Owing to troubles with the Dutch and the 

 inroads of the southern Indian.-^, they re- 

 tired soon afterward to the mountains. 

 They gradually sold their lands, until in 

 1802 they, with remnants of other New 

 Jersey tribes, were reduced to a small res- 

 ervation called Brotherton, in Eversham, 

 Burlington co. By invitation of the Stock- 

 bridges and Brothertons, then in Oneida 

 CO., N. Y., they joined them in that year. 

 In 1832, being then reduced to about 40 

 souls, they sold their last rights in New 

 Jersey and afterward removed with the 

 other tribe to Green bav. Wis. (.i. m. ) 

 Raretangh.— Doc. of 1610 in"X. Y. Doc. Col. Hist, 

 xin, 7, 1881. Raritan.— Doc. of 1614. ibid., i, 

 150, 1856. Raritangs.— Van Tienhoven (1650), 

 ibid., 36G. Raritanoos. — Doc. of 10-19, ibid., xni, '25, 

 1881, Raritanus.— Doc. («(. 1613), ibid., 1,198, 1856. 



Raruta. ;Mentioned by Lawson ( Hist. 

 Car., 383, 1860) as a Coree village in 1701. 

 Itwasprobably on thecoastof North Car- 

 olina, s. of Neuse r. , in the present Car- 

 teret CO. 



Rasanachic ( ' large white rock ' ) A 

 small pueblo of the Tarahumare, not far 

 from Norogachic, Chihuahua, INIexico. — 

 Lumholtz, inf'n, 1894. 



Rasawek. The chief village of the Mon- 

 acan confederacy in 1608, situated in the 

 fork of Rivanna and James rs. , Fluvanna 

 CO., Va. 



Rasauweak.— .Smith (1629), Va.. i, 134, repr. 1819 

 Rassawck.— Strachey («i. 1612), Va., 102, 1849 

 Rassaweak.— Pots in Smith (1629), Va , I, 216, 1819. 

 Rassawek. — Ibid., map. 



Rat. See Adario. 



Rathroche (Ra-ho^-pe) . A subgens of 

 the Pakhthaor Beaver gens of the Iowa. — 

 Dorsey in 15th Rep. B. A. E., 239, 1897. 



Rations. See Agency system. 



Raton ( Span. : 'mou.se, ' but in the S. W. 

 usually 'rat'). APapago village ins. Ari- 

 zona, with 140 inhabitants in 1858. 

 Del Raton.— Bailey in Ind. Aft'. Rep.. 208, 18.58. 



Ratontita (Span.-Mex.: 'place of the 

 rat,' from a sacred stuffed mouse that 

 hangs in the temple). A Huichol ran- 

 cheria, with a temple and adjoining god 

 houses, situated in the Sierra de los Hui- 

 choles, about 12 m. w. of Bolanos, in 

 Jalisco, Mexico. — Lumholtz, T^nknown 

 Mex., II, 262, 1902. 



Taquitzata.— Lumholtz, op. cit. (' the silk of corn 

 is falling': Huichol name). 



Rattles. Instruments for producing 

 rhythmic sound, n.sed by all tribes except 

 some of the E.skimo. The rattle was gen- 

 erally regarded as a sacred object, not to be 

 brought forth on ordinary occasions, but 

 confined to rituals, religious feasts, sha- 

 manistic performances, etc. This charac- 

 ter is emphasized in the sign language of 

 the plains, where the sign for rattle is the 

 basis of all signs indicating that which 

 is sacred. Early in the 16th century, Es- 

 tevan, the negro comjjanion of Cabeza de 

 Vaca, traversed with perfect innnnnity 

 great stretches of country in northwestern 

 Mexico, occupied by numerous tril)es, 

 bearing a cross in one hand and a gourd 

 rattle in the other. Eskimo used rattles 

 for enticing seals into the water. 



Rattles may be divided into two gen- 

 eral classes, those in which objects of 

 approximately equal size are struck to- 

 gether, and those in which small objects, 

 such as peljbles, quartz crystals, or seeds, 

 are inclosed in hollow receptacles. The 

 first embraces rattles made of animal 

 hoofs ordewclaws, bird l)eaks, shells, pods, 

 etc. These were held in the hand, fas- 

 tened to blankets, belts, or leggings, or 

 made into necklaces or anklets so as to 

 make a noise when the wearer moved. 

 On the N. W. coast, puffin beaks were 

 strung on a frame composed of pieces of 

 wood bent into two concentric rings and 

 held together by crosspieces. From the 

 Eskimo a similar rattle has been obtained 

 in which the puffin beaksare replaced by 

 bear claws. In the W., pecten shells 

 were strung together to make rattles, 



