BULL. oO] 



ROANOKE ROCKAHOMINY 



393 



Carolina, a city and county of Virginia, 

 and villages in other states. 



According to Mooney, the application 

 of the name Roanoak {roanoke, ronole, 

 ronoah, the Virginia and North Carolina 

 term from some Algonquian dialect, which 

 the records of Maryland, Virginia, and 

 North Carolina constantly use to designate 

 wampum (q. v.) and for which Lawson 

 employs the form ?'a«renoe) should be re- 

 stricted to the village described above, one 

 of those of the Secotan tribe, in 1585-89, 

 under jurisdiction of Wingina. (w. r. g. ) 



Roanoke. A name applied, with sev- 

 eral variants, by the Virginia colonists, to 

 the shell beads employed by the neighbor- 

 ing Indians as articles of personal adorn- 

 ment or media of exchange; a case of sub- 

 stitution of a familiar word for one that 

 was ill understood and probably more 

 difficult to pronounce. Capt. John Smith 

 (1612 and 1624) gives the Powhatan 

 name for shell beads in the form of rmv- 

 renock and rauranoke, and William 

 Strachey defines rurenav) as 'a chain of 

 beads.' The root rdr means to *rub,' 

 'abrade,' 'smooth,' 'polish.' Theoriginal 

 word may have been rdrenmvok, ' smoothed 

 shells,' pi. of rarenaw. See Shellwork, 

 Wamptan. (w. R. g.) 



Robbiboe. A sort of pemmican soup 

 stated by Scheie deVere (Americanisms, 

 44, 1872) to be in use throughout the 

 N. W. among hunters, trappers, and 

 others. This is the Canadian French 

 rababou, a soup of flour and pemmican 

 used by the voyageurs and early settlers. 

 The word is probably derived from 

 nabob, ornapop,Mvh\ch signiHes 'broth' in 

 the Chippewa and closely related dialects 

 of Algonquian, with n converted into?' as 

 in some languages of this stock. ( a. f. c. ) 



Robesco. A rancheria of the Eudeve 

 and the seat of a mission dating from 

 1673. Situated in central Sonora, Mexico, 

 about lat. 29°, Ion. 110°. Pop. 330 in 

 1678, and but 8 in 1730. 



Robesco. — Rivera (1730) quoted by Bancroft, No. 

 Mex. States, l, 513, l.SS4. San Francisco de Javier 

 Reboyco. — Zapata (lOT.s) in Doc. Hist. Mex., 4th 

 s., Ill, 355, 1857. S. Fran. Javier Reboico. — Zapata 

 (1678) quoted by Bancroft, No. Mex. States, 1, 246, 

 1884. 



Robinson, Alexander. A chief of the 

 Potawatomi, known also as Cheecheebing- 

 way; born at IMackinaw, Mich., in 1789. 

 His father was a Scotch trader, his mother 

 an Ottawa. Although but 5 years of age 

 when Gen. Anthony Wajme fought the 

 battle of the Miami in 1794, of which he 

 was an accidental observer, Robinson re- 

 tained a vivid recollection of what he saw 

 on that occasion. Ke was present at the 

 surrender of the fort at Chicago during 

 the War of 1812, and tried in vain to pre- 

 vent the massacre of the troops, succeed- 

 ing in carrying off Capt. Helm, the 

 commandant, and his wife, in a canoe. 



traversing the entire length of L. Michi- 

 gan and placing them in safety at Mack- 

 inaw ( Wis. Hist. Soc. Coll., VII, 328, 1876). 

 It is stated that, probably in 1827, he 

 prevented the young men of his tribe from 

 making an attack on Ft Dearborn. In 

 the Black Hawk war of 1832 Robinson 

 and his people espoused the cruse of the 

 whites, and, so far as they actively par- 

 ticipated, formed part of the force under 

 Gen. Atkinson and Gen. Henry. He 

 .served as interpreter for Gen. Lewis Cass 

 during his treaty negotiations with the 

 Chippewa, June 6, 1820, and his name, 

 in the form Cheecheepinquay, is signed 

 to the treaty of Prairie du Chien, Wis., 

 July 29, 1829; also, as Tshee-tshee-beeng- 

 guay, to the supplementary treaty of 

 Oct. 1, 1834. The sum of $5,000 was 

 allowed him, and $400 granted his chil- 

 dren. (C. T. ) 



Rocameca (contraction of Old Abnaki 

 Ndrdkdmlguk, 'at (or on) the land up- 

 stream.' — Gerard ). A former tribe of the 

 Abnaki confederacy on Androscoggin r., 

 on the border of Oxford and Franklin 

 COS., Me. Their plantation extended for 

 several miles along both banks of the 

 stream. It is possible that they belonged 

 to the Arosaguntacook. (.i. m. ) 



Arockamecook. — Ballard in Rep. U. S. Coast Siirv. 

 1808, 'J47, 1871. Arrockaumecook. — McKeen in Me. 

 Hist. Soc. Coll., Ill, 3'23, 1853. Merocomecook. — Cotfin 

 (1797), ibid., IV, 340, 1856. NarakamigS.— French 

 letter (1721) in Mass. Hist. Soc. Coll., 2d s., vni, 

 262, 1819. Narrackomagog.— Niles (ra. 1761), ibid., 

 3d s., VI, 246, 1837. Narrahamegock. — Penhallow 

 (1726) in N. H. Hist. Soc. Coll., i, 83, 1824. Nar- 

 rakamegock. — Portsmouth treaty (1713) in Me. 

 Hist. Soc. Coll., VI, 250, 1859. Rocameca.— Russell, 

 ibid., II, 167, 1847. Roccamecco. — McKeen, ibid., 



III, 323, 1853 (the tract) . Rockamagug. — Penhallow 

 (1726) in N. H. Hist. Soc. Coll., I, 122, 1824. 

 Rockamecook. — Perepolc in Me. Hist. Soc. Coll., ill, 

 333, 1853 (village). Rocomeco.— Coffin (1797), ibid., 



IV, 340, 1856 (the point). Rouameuo. — McKeen, 

 ibid., Ill, 323, 1853 (village). 



Rocheachic ('fish place'). A small 

 pueblo of the Tarahumare in Chihuahua, 

 Mexico. — Lumholtz, inf'n, 1894. 



Roche de Boeuf (French : ' buffalo rock ' ). 

 An Ottawa village on the n. w. bank of 

 Maumee r., near Waterville, Lucas co., 

 Ohio. In 1831 the reservation was sold 

 and the Indians removed to Kansas, where 

 they joined theOttawaof Blanchard Fork, 

 and by treaty agreement were to become 

 citizens in 1867. 



Fondagame. — Detroit treaty (1807) in Am. St. Pa- 

 pers, Ind. Aff., I, 747, 1832 (misprint for Tondaga- 

 nie, the chief). Roche de Boeuf. — Detroit treaty 

 (1807) in U. S. Ind. Treat., 193, 1873. Rocher de 

 Bout.— Hutchins, map ( 1778), in Butterfield, Wash- 

 ington-Irvine Corr., 354, 1882. Tendaganee's vil- 

 lage. — Brown, West. Gaz., 164, 1817. Tondaganie. — 

 Maumee treaty (1819) in U. S. Ind. Treat., 203, 

 1873 (chief's name). 



Rockahominy. An Indian food prepara- 

 tion (the "cold flour" of Western hunt- 

 ers), used under different names {psita- 

 mun, nuk'hik, yok^hig, rok'hig, pinole, tiste, 

 etc. ) from Canada to Peru, and made of 

 parched corn (called by the Powhatan 



