BOLL. 30] 



SAINT FRANCIS SAINT JEAN 



411 



They numbered 360 in 1821, 387 in 1858, 

 335 in 1908, and 293 in 1909. They still 

 spend a great part of their time in hunt- 

 ing, as well as in making and selling 

 baskets, moccasins, and other Indian 

 wares. See 3fissions. (j. m. ) 



Alsigontegok.— J. D. Prince, inf'n, 1905 (present 

 Abnaki name). Arsikantekok.— Ibid. (oldAbnaki 

 name). NessaSakamighe. — Ra.sle.s (1691), Abnaki 

 Diet., 458, 1833 ('where tish is dried by smoke': 

 Abnaki name). Saint-Frangais. — Kendall, Trav., 

 II, 53, 1809. S. Franyais de Sales.— Le Sueur (1734) 

 quoted bv Kendall, ;ibid., 294. St, Francis. — Chau- 

 viKnerie"( 178(1) in N. Y. Doc. Col. Hist., ix, 1052, 

 1855. St. Francis de Sales.— Shea, Cath. M\s».. 142, 

 1855. St. Francoi.— Clinton (1745) in N. Y. Doc. 

 Col. Hist., VI, 281,18.55. St. Franfois.— Albany 

 conf. (1724), ibid., V, 713, 1855. Saint Francois du 

 Lac. — Jes. Rel., LXXI, 311, 1901. Skensowahnero- 

 non. — Cuoq., Lex., 155, 1882 ('people at St Fran- 

 ces,' from skensmvah, a corruption of St Francois, 

 ne'iit',ronon' people': Caughnawaganame). Za 

 Flasua. — Wzokhilain quoted by Pilling, Bibl. 

 Algonq. Lang., 539, 1891 (Abnaki pronunciation 

 of " St. Francis"). 



Saint Francis. A mission village founded 

 in 1683 by some Algonkin and Montagnais 

 converts from Sillery at the falls of Chau- 

 diere r., Beauce district, Quebec. They 

 were soon joined by the remaining inhab- 

 itants of Sillery, which was then aban- 

 doned. In 1700 they removed to the new 

 village. 



St. fran<!ois de Sales.— Jes. Rel., LXIII, 123, 1901. 



Saint Francis. A Menominee mission 

 established in 1844 on Wolf r. or L. Poy- 

 gan, Winnebago CO., Wis., and abandoned 

 in 1852 on the removal of the tribe to a 

 reservation in Shawano co., where the 

 • new mission of St Michael was established. 



Saint Francis Xavier. A French Cath- 

 olic mission established by Bruyas in 1667 

 at the Oneida village of Ganowarohare. 



Saint Francis Xavier. A Jesuit mission 

 established by Allouez in 1669 at a village 

 of Miami and Mascoutens on Fox r. , Wis. , 

 near De Pere, Brown co., where the Mas- 

 coutens had a village a few m. from Green 

 bay. Among the Indians attached to it 

 were Miami, Mascoutens, Illinois, Kicka- 

 poo, Sauk, Foxes, Potawatomi, and Win- 

 nebago. 



Saint Francis Xavier. A former mission, 

 established in 1852 among the Chippewa 

 on Mille Lacs, Aitkin co., Minn. 



Mascoutens. — Shea, Cath. Miss., 372, 1855. 



Saint George. An Aleut village on St 

 George id., Pribilof group, Alaska. The 

 inhabitants, who tend the fur seals, were 

 brought originally from Atka and Una- 

 laska. Pop. 88 in 1880, 92 in 1890. See 

 Petroff, 10th Census, Alaska, 23, 1884. 



Saint Helena. A large island off the 

 coast of Beaufort co., S. C, taking its 

 name from the Spanish post of Santa 

 Elena established there by Menendez in 

 1566. The Indians were among those 

 known collectively as Cusabo (q. v. ), and 

 were probably of the Muskhogean stock. 

 In 1684 "the queen of St Helena" made 

 sale of lands to the English. (.t. m. ) 



Saint Ignace. A Huron mission estab- 

 lished by Marquette in 1670 on Mackinac 



id., Mich., but which was removed soon 

 after to Pt Ignace, on the mainland to the n. 



St. Ignatius.— Shea, Cath. Miss., 364, 1855. 



Saint Jacques. A Jesuit mission estab- 

 lished about 1670 among the Mascoutens, 

 Illinois, Kickapoo, Miami, and Wea, 

 about the site of Berlin, Wis. 

 Saint Jacques. — LamberviUe (1673) in Jes. Rel., 

 LViii, 21, 1899. 



Saint Jacques. A former village of the 

 Tionontati (q. v.) in Ontario. 

 Sainct lacques. — Jes. Rel. 1640, 95, l,s.5S. 



Saint Jacques et Saint Philippe. A vil- 

 lage of the Tionontati (q. v.) in Ontario 

 in 1640. 



sainct lacques et sainct Philippe. — Jes. Rel. 1640, 

 95, 858. 



Saint Jean. The chief town of the Wolf 

 clan or phratry of the Tionontati in 1649, 

 in which the Jesuit fathers had main- 

 tained a mission for some years; situated 

 probably in the hill country of Bruce co., 

 Ontario, on the e. frontier of the Tionon- 

 tati territory, fronting their enemies, the 

 Iroquois. According to the Jesuit Rela- 

 tion for 1650 (p. 8, ed. 1858) this town 

 contained 500 or 600 families, which, fol- 

 lowing the rate of 7^ to 8 persons to a fam- 

 ily (ibid., p. 3), would give a total popula- 

 tion of 3,750 to 4,800, apparently a rather 

 high estimate. In Nov. 1649 the Jesuit 

 fathers then resident on Christian id., 

 Georgian bay, Canada, learned from two 

 Huron converts who had just escaped 

 from a band of 300 Iroquois warriors that 

 the enemy was undecided whether to at- 

 tack the Tionontati or the Jesuit fathers 

 and their converts on the island. This 

 information was conveyed to the Tionon- 

 tati, who received the news with joy, for, 

 exulting in their prowess, they regarded 

 the hostile troop as already conquered. 

 Having awaited the attack of the Iroquois 

 for some days, the Tionontati, and espe- 

 cially the men of St Jean, resolved, on 

 Dec. 5, to go against the enemy lest they 

 escape; l)ut the Iroquois having learned 

 from two captives the practically defense- 

 less condition of St Jean, hastened to at- 

 tack it before the return of its warriors, 

 whom they had failed to meet. On Dec. 

 7 they appeared before the town, set fire 

 to the bark cabins, and slaughtered the 

 defenseless inhabitants. According to the 

 Jesuit Relation for 1650, Father Gamier 

 refused to attempt to escape, but ran 

 everywhere to give absolution to the 

 Christians he met, and to seek in the 

 burning cabins the children, the sick, 

 and the neophytes, whom he baptized. 

 While thus engaged he was shot twice, 

 and later his skull was crushed by 

 hatchet blows. In the Recit d'un Ami 

 de I'Abbe de Gallin^e (Margry, Dec, i, 

 366, 1875) it is said that before being 

 killed. Father Garnier shot 3 Iroquois 

 with a gun. Two days later the Tionon- 

 tati warriors returned to find their town 

 in ashes, and the mutilated bodies of 



