412 



SAINT JEAN BAPTISTS SAINT REGIS 



Ib. a. 



their people. This disaster caused them 

 to abandon their country, (.i. n. b. h. ) 



Saint Jean Baptiste. A mission in On- 

 tario about 1640, visited by the Hurons 

 and Totontaratonhronon. 

 S. lean Baptiste.— Jes. Rel. 1640, 90, 1858. 



Saint Joachim. A mission village among 

 the Hurons in Ontario in 1640. 



S. loachim.— Jes. Eel. 1640, 90, 1858. 



Saint Joseph. A Cayuga mission estab- 

 lished in New York by the French in 

 1668.— Shea, Cath. Miss., 261, 1855. 



Saint Joseph. A Potawatomi mission 

 established by AUouez about 1688 on St 

 Joseph r., near the s. end of L. Michi- 

 gan. The mission and the river gave rise 

 to the designation "Saint Joseph In- 

 dians," and "Potawatomis of St. Jo- 

 seph's." See Shea,Cath. Miss., 375, 1855; 

 Croghan (1765) in N. Y. Doc. Col. Hist, 

 VII, 786, 1856. 



Saint Mark. A mission established by 

 Allouez about 1670 among the Foxes of 

 Wolf r., Wis.— Shea, Cath. Miss., 365, 

 1855. 



Saint Mary. A former Potawatomi 

 mission and village on the n. bank of 

 Kansas r. , in Pottawatomie co. Kan. The 

 mission was established by the Jesuits on 

 Pottawatomie cr., Miami co., in 1838, but 

 was removed to Linn co. in the following 

 year, thence in 1847-48 to its final site. 

 Under the act of Nov. 15, 1861, 320 acres 

 of land, including the church, schools, 

 and tields, were set apart for the mission's 

 use. It continued to be a mission school 

 until 1869. 



Saint Michael. A town on an island of 

 the same name, s. coast of Norton sd., 

 Alaska, where the Russians in 1833 estab- 

 lished a stockaded jiost. Pop. 109 in 1880, 

 101 in 1890. 



Michaelovski Redoubt. — Ball, Alaska, 9, 1870. Re- 

 doubt St. Michael. — Baker, Geog. Dist. Alaska, 

 543. 190G. 



Saint Michael. A Jesuit mission exist- 

 ing in 1658 at a Potawatomi village in s. 

 Wisconsin, containing about 3,000 inhab- 

 itants, including about 500 fugitive Tio- 

 nontati. 

 Saint-Michel.— Jes. Rel. 1658, 21, 1858. 



Saint Michael. A Menominee mission 

 estal^lished in 1852 on Shawano lake, 

 Shawano co., Wis., on the removal of the 

 tribe from Poygan lake. — Shea, Cath. 

 Miss., 393, 1855. See Saint Francis. 



Saint Michaels. A Franciscan mission 

 among the Navaho in the n. e. corner of 

 Arizona, just s. of the Navaho res. line, 

 about 3 m. w. of the New Mexico boun- 

 dary, and 27 m. n. w. of Gallup, N. Mex. 

 It is situated in a well-watered valley 

 called b;' the Navaho Tsohotso ('large 

 meadow'), and by the early Spaniards 

 Cienega Amarilla ('yellow swamp', or 

 'yellow meadow'), probably on account 

 of the numerous yellow flowers that 

 flourish there toward the end of sum- 

 mer. The mission had its inception in 



1896, when the site was purchased for 

 $3,000 by the late Rev. J. A. Stephan, 

 director of the Bureau of Catholic Indian 

 Missions, witii funds supplied by Rev. 

 Mother Katharine Drexel, foundress of 

 the Sisters of the Blessed Sacrament. On 

 Oct. 13, 1897, Rev. Juvenal Schnorbus 

 was placed in charge, assisted by Rev. 

 Anselm Weber, and the lay-brother Pla- 

 cidus Buerger. Arriving at Tsohotso, 

 Oct. 11, 1898, the fathers changed the 

 name to St Michaels, and almost imme- 

 diately the task of reducing the Navaho 

 language to writing was begun. In 1900 

 Father Schnorbus was transferred to Cin- 

 cinnati, Father Weber becoming his suc- 

 cessor, with Rev. Leopold Ostermann and 

 Rev. Berard Haileas assistants. In May 

 1901 Mother Katharine purchased two 

 ranches contiguous to the mission for 

 $4,000, increasing the mission lands to 

 440 acres, about one-half of which is 

 suitable for agriculture. In March of the 

 following year the erection of a commo- 

 dious school building was commenced, 

 and was finished in December, with ac- 

 commodations for 150 pupils. Much of 

 the laboring work in connection with the 

 new building was done by the Indians. 

 At the time of the opening 57 pupils were 

 enrolled; the next year there were 87, in 

 1906 the number had increased to 118, 

 and in 1908 to 127. The pupils are in- 

 structed in the Christian faith in their 

 own tongue by the fathers. A com- 

 munity of 13 Sisters of the Blessed Sacra- 

 ment have charge of the school and are 

 making marked i:)rogress, the Navaho 

 children bearing fair comparison with 

 white children in intelligence. At the 

 present M'riting (1908) more than 100 

 children at their own request and with 

 the consent of their parents were bap- 

 tized after due instruction. In 1903 a 

 new residence and a chapel were erected, 

 and a post-office has been established at 

 the mission. A Navaho ethnologic dic- 

 tionary, by the fathers, was published by 

 the St Michaels Press in 1910. 



Saint Paul. An Aleut village on the 

 Pribilof id. of that name, settled with 

 natives of other islands emploved in car- 

 ing for the fur seals. Pop. 298 in 1880, 

 244 in 1890. See Petroff, 10th Census, 

 Alaska, 23, 1884. 



Saint Regis. A settlement of Catholic 

 Iroquois, situated on the s. bank of the 

 St Lawrence, at the boundary between 

 the United States and Canada, with a 

 reservation extending several miles along 

 the river on both sides of the line. They 

 call the jilace Akwesasne, 'where the 

 partridge drums,' referring to sounds 

 made by a cascade at that point. The vil- 

 lage was established about 1755, during 

 the French and Indian war, l)y a party 

 of Catholic Iroquois from Caughnawaga, 



