BULL. 30] 



SALAN POMU SALISH 



415 



Salan Pomo. A name given by Ford 

 (Ind. Aff. Rep. 1856, 257, 1857), in the 

 form Salan Pomas, as that of a division 

 of the Pomo which inhabited Potter val- 

 ley, Mendocino co., Cal. It is probable 

 that this name is a corruption of Shanel, 

 the name of one of the largest of the old 

 villages in this valley. (s. a. b. ) 



Salapaque. One of the tribes of w. 

 Texas, some at least of whose people were 

 neophytes of the mission of San Jos6 y 

 San Miguel de Aguayo. — Texas State ar- 

 chives, Nov. 1790. 



Salem, A village of the Moravian Del- 

 awares, established in 1 781 on the w. bank 

 of Tuscarawas r., 1^ m. s. w. of Port Wash- 

 ington, Tuscarawas co., Ohio. The In- 

 dians were driven out during the Rev- 

 olution, but returned after the war. The 

 mission was abandoned in 1781. (j. m.) 



Salendas ( S^aU^ndas ) . A family of the 

 Eagle clan of the Haida; one of those 

 that migrated to Alaska. One branch 

 settled among the Tongass and another 

 at Sitka, while the Haida portion became 

 subdivided into two house groups, the 

 Hlimul-naas-hadai and the Nahawas- 

 hadai.— Swanton, Cont. Haida, 276, 1905. 

 S'alE'ndas— Boas, Twelfth Rep. N. W. Tribes 

 Can., 22, 1898. 



Salman Family. A linguistic stock of 

 California, named by Latham (1856) and 

 Powell ( 1891 ) from Salinas r. The Salinan 

 Indians inhabited parts of San Luis Obis- 

 po, Monterey, and perhaps San Benito 

 COS., their territory extending from the 

 sea to the main ridge of the Coast range 

 and from the head of the Salinas drain- 

 age to a short distance above Soledad. 

 Little is known about them; no name 

 for themselves as a body, for their lan- 

 guage, or for any division, either in their 

 own or in any other Indian language, is 

 known; nor is it known what any such 

 divisions may have been. The name of 

 the place at which the mission of San 

 Miguel was established was Vahia, orVat- 

 ica, and that of the mission of San An- 

 tonio, Sextapay. The Tatche (Tachi) or 

 Telame Indians, mentioned by Duflot de 

 Mofras as at San Antonio, are Yokuts 

 tribes that were brought to that mission. 

 Cholame cr. and town in San Luis Obispo 

 CO. possibly take their name from a Sali- 

 nan word, and the same may be the case 

 with Jolon in Monterey co. 



The missions of San Antonio and San 

 Miguel (q. v. ) were established in Salinan 

 territory in 1771 and 1797. The total bap- 

 tisms at these missions reached 4,400 and 

 2,400 respectively, and it appears that 

 these numbers included Yokuts. Like 

 all the other tribes, the Salinan Indians 

 decreased rapidly during mission times, 

 the numbers at each mission having fallen 

 to fewer than 700 by 1831, and more raji- 

 idly after secularization. At present their 



total number is perhaps 20, most of them 

 near Jolon. See California India7is, Mis- 

 sion Indians, Missions. 



The Salinan language is very irregular 

 in its structure and more complex than 

 most languages of California. Two dia- 

 lects, those of San Antonio and San 

 Miguel, which do not differ much, are 

 known, and it is probable that there 

 were others. The Salinan Indians ap- 

 pear to have lived in houses of brush or 

 grass and to have had no canoes. They 

 hunted more than they fished, but de- 

 pended for their subsistence principally 

 on vegetal food, such as acorns and grass 

 seed. They used stone mortars and 

 coiled baskets, and burned the dead. 

 Of their religion and mythology nothing 

 is known, except that they regarded the 

 eagle, the coyote, and the humming-bird 

 as creators. (h. w. h. a. l. k. ) 



X Runsiens. — Keane in Stanford's Compend. , Cent, 

 and S. Am., 476, 1878 (San Miguel of his group 

 belongs here). =Salinan. — Powell in 7th Rep. B. 

 A. E., 101, 1891. <Salinas.— Latham in Trans. 

 Philol. Soc.Lond., 85,1856. >San Antonio.— Powell 

 in Cont. N. A. Ethnol., ni, 568, 1877. <Santa Bar- 

 bara.— Gatschet in Mag. Am. Hist., 157, 1877 

 (cited here as containing San Antonio) ; Gatschet 

 in U. S. Geog. Surv. W. 100th Mer., vii, 419, 1879 

 (contains San Antonio and San Miguel). >Sex- 

 tapay.— Taylor quoted by Shea, Lib. Am, Ling., 

 VII, vii, 1861. 



Salinas. Mentioned by Rivera (Diario, 

 leg. 2602, 1736) as a tribe or village ap- 

 parently near the lower Rio Grande in 

 Texas. It was possibly Coahuiltecan. 



Salineros. A Spanish collective desig- 

 nation for the Piro and Tigua occupying, 

 until 1675-80, the pueblos of Abo, Chilili, 

 Quarai, Tabira, Tenabo, etc., near the 

 salt lagoons e. of the Rio Grande, central 

 New Mexico. See also Chealo, Tomplros. 

 Salineros. — Benavides, Memorial (1630), in Land 

 of Sunshine, xiv, 46, 1901. Salmeros.— Benavides 

 misquoted by Bancroft, Ariz, and N. Mex., 164, 

 1889. 



Salineta. Probably a pueblo of the 

 Piro or the Tigua, 4 leagues from Guada- 

 lupe mission at El Paso, in the present 

 Texas, in 1680.— Otermin (1680) quoted 

 by Bancroft, Ariz, and N. Mex., 182, 

 1889. 



Salish (Okinagan: sdlst, 'people'). For- 

 merly a large and powerful division of 

 the Salishan family, to which they gave 

 their name, inhabiting much of w. Mon- 

 tana and centering around Flathead lake 

 and valley. A more popular designation 

 for this tribe is Flatheads, given to them 

 by the surrounding people, not because 

 they artificially deformed their heads, but 

 because, in contradistinction to most 

 tribes farther w., thej'^ left them in their 

 natural condition, flat on top. They 

 lived mainly by hunting. The Salish, 

 with the cognate Pend d' Oreille and the 

 Kutenai, by treaty of Hell Gate, Mont., 

 July 16, 1855, ceded to the United States 

 their lands in Montana and Idaho. They 

 also joined in the peace treaty at the 



